HISTORY OF ISLAMOPHOBIA IN CANADA

http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/gmcr.2021(VI-IV).03      10.31703/gmcr.2021(VI-IV).03      Published : Dec 2021
Authored by : Nadeem Akram

03 Pages : 22-34

References

  • Abdul-Hadi, R. (2018). Islamophobia and Israeli Lobbying: Intersecting Relationships and suggestions for Anti- racist guidelines. In Countering the Islamophobia enterprise toward higher strategies: A document and analysis of the Symposium. Atlanta: Carter Centre.
  • Alfonseca, K. (2021, September 11). 20 years after 9/11, Islamophobia continues to haunt Muslims. ABC.
  • Ali, T. (2021, April 16). Islamophobia: a problem rife across the political spectrum. https://www.runnymedetrust.org/blog/is lamophobia-a-problem-rife-across-the- political-spectrum
  • Allan, J. (2011). The idea of 'Islamophobia'. International Affairs.
  • Bakr, A. (2019, June 22). Terrorism and media stereotypes. https://muslimnews.com.ng/2019/06 /22/terrorism- media-stereotypes- gasoline- Islamophobia-expert/
  • Chris, A. (2010). Islamophobia. London: Routlegde.
  • Eleventh OIC Observatory Report on Islamophobia. (2018, April). Islamophobia. https://www.oic- oci.org/upload/islamophobia/2018/11th_ Annual_Report_on_Islamophobia_Engli sh.pdf
  • Gardell, M. (2010). Islamophobia and the Production of Stigmatized Minorities. Swedish Research Council.
  • Gjevori, E. (2021, Dec 30). Islamophobia in Europe is at a 'tipping point', new report warns. TRT.
  • Green, T. (2019). The Fear of Islam: An Introduction to Islamophobia in the West. Minneapolis: Fortress Press.
  • Hadi, A. (2018). The Carter Centre works to recognize and counter the upward thrust of Islamophobia. In Countering the Islamophobia company towards more effective techniques: symposium document and analysis. Aatlanta: The Carter Centre.
  • Institute of Social Security and Facts. (2018). Countering And Dismantling Islamophobia. https://www.ispu.org/countering- islamophobia/
  • Khalid, B. A. (2018). American Islamophobia: Understanding the Roots and Rise of Fear. Oakland. Oakland: University of California Press.
  • Sway, M. A. (2005). Islamophobia: Meaning, manifestations, causes. Middle East Publications.
  • United Nations Declaration of Human Rights. (n.d.). Universal Declaration of Human Rights. https://www.un.org/en/about- us/universal-declaration-of-human-rights

References

  • Abdul-Hadi, R. (2018). Islamophobia and Israeli Lobbying: Intersecting Relationships and suggestions for Anti- racist guidelines. In Countering the Islamophobia enterprise toward higher strategies: A document and analysis of the Symposium. Atlanta: Carter Centre.
  • Alfonseca, K. (2021, September 11). 20 years after 9/11, Islamophobia continues to haunt Muslims. ABC.
  • Ali, T. (2021, April 16). Islamophobia: a problem rife across the political spectrum. https://www.runnymedetrust.org/blog/is lamophobia-a-problem-rife-across-the- political-spectrum
  • Allan, J. (2011). The idea of 'Islamophobia'. International Affairs.
  • Bakr, A. (2019, June 22). Terrorism and media stereotypes. https://muslimnews.com.ng/2019/06 /22/terrorism- media-stereotypes- gasoline- Islamophobia-expert/
  • Chris, A. (2010). Islamophobia. London: Routlegde.
  • Eleventh OIC Observatory Report on Islamophobia. (2018, April). Islamophobia. https://www.oic- oci.org/upload/islamophobia/2018/11th_ Annual_Report_on_Islamophobia_Engli sh.pdf
  • Gardell, M. (2010). Islamophobia and the Production of Stigmatized Minorities. Swedish Research Council.
  • Gjevori, E. (2021, Dec 30). Islamophobia in Europe is at a 'tipping point', new report warns. TRT.
  • Green, T. (2019). The Fear of Islam: An Introduction to Islamophobia in the West. Minneapolis: Fortress Press.
  • Hadi, A. (2018). The Carter Centre works to recognize and counter the upward thrust of Islamophobia. In Countering the Islamophobia company towards more effective techniques: symposium document and analysis. Aatlanta: The Carter Centre.
  • Institute of Social Security and Facts. (2018). Countering And Dismantling Islamophobia. https://www.ispu.org/countering- islamophobia/
  • Khalid, B. A. (2018). American Islamophobia: Understanding the Roots and Rise of Fear. Oakland. Oakland: University of California Press.
  • Sway, M. A. (2005). Islamophobia: Meaning, manifestations, causes. Middle East Publications.
  • United Nations Declaration of Human Rights. (n.d.). Universal Declaration of Human Rights. https://www.un.org/en/about- us/universal-declaration-of-human-rights

Cite this article

APA

CHICAGO

    CHICAGO : Akram, Nadeem. 2021. "History of Islamophobia in Canada." Global Mass Communication Review, VI (IV): 22-34 doi: 10.31703/gmcr.2021(VI-IV).03

HARVARD

    HARVARD : AKRAM, N. 2021. History of Islamophobia in Canada. Global Mass Communication Review, VI, 22-34.

MHRA

    MHRA : Akram, Nadeem. 2021. "History of Islamophobia in Canada." Global Mass Communication Review, VI: 22-34

MLA

    MLA : Akram, Nadeem. "History of Islamophobia in Canada." Global Mass Communication Review, VI.IV (2021): 22-34 Print.

OXFORD

    OXFORD : Akram, Nadeem (2021), "History of Islamophobia in Canada", Global Mass Communication Review, VI (IV), 22-34

TURABIAN