2026-07-30T22:29:11Z https://gmcrjournal.com/oai/?metadataPrefix=oai_dc&verb=ListRecords

oai:gmcrjournal.com:393259 2016-12-30 gmcr

Content Analysis of Pre-Election 2013 Political Campaign on Pakistani TV Channels Saima Andleeb Political Communication Political Campaign Pakistani Channel This research categorizes treatment model of political parties in of agenda setting and framing perspective in major TV news channels in Pakistan before the elections of May 2013. The prime time (7-11pm) of these channels for one month was selected for supervising, examining and organizing determinations of coverage of general elections by news channels in under the code of conduct and procedure of coverage set by regulators. The researcher conducted content analysis of prime time which includes headlines of news bulletin, talk shows and issued addressed in program content broadcast on TV channels during that time frame. Results of the study showed that all news channels failed to fulfill the fundamental obsessions of impartial balance and reasonable reporting of political parties and their nominated candidates. In this study as the analysis showed the conduct of the elections, though having eminent place in the state news plan, it devastatingly explained the major political parties. Humanity Publications Student, International Islamic University, Islamabad, Pakistan. 2016-12-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gmcrjournal.com/article/content-analysis-of-preelection-2013-political-campaign-on-pakistani-tv-channels https://doi.org/10.31703/gmcr.2016(I-I).01 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Mass Communication Review Volume 1, Issue 1 Pakistan

oai:gmcrjournal.com:393260 2016-12-30 gmcr

Television Advertisement as Source of Creating Body Dissatisfaction among Females Viewers Neelam Zahir Abdul Rehman Qaisar Majid Ul Ghafar Television Advertisement Dissatisfaction Female Viewers Media The present study explores the impact of television advertisements on females' attitude formation toward their body. The present study is a cross sectional survey of 300 female respondent from educational institutes. Overall findings show that television advertisements are significantly consumed as source of getting information about products, services and ideas. Finding also endorses that females buying behavior in influenced by TV ads. Important dimension of the study is feeling of body dissatisfaction among females as result of exposure to skinny and slim models in TV ads. Finding shows that majority of the female idealize slim and skinny models and finds their self-dissatisfied about their own bodies. Findings supported the research hypotheses that television advertisements contribute toward creation of body dissatisfaction among female viewers. Humanity Publications Lecturer, Department of Media Studies, Woman University Swabi, KP, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Department of Journalism and Mass Communication, University of Sargodha, Punjab, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Department of Communication and Media Studies, Hazara University Mansehra, KP, Pakistan. 2016-12-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gmcrjournal.com/article/television-advertisement-as-source-of-creating-body-dissatisfaction-among-females-viewers https://doi.org/10.31703/gmcr.2016(I-I).02 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Mass Communication Review Volume 1, Issue 1 Pakistan

oai:gmcrjournal.com:393261 2016-12-30 gmcr

Comparative Study of Editorials of Daily Dawn and Daily the News International Regarding Electricity Crisis of Pakistan Muhammad Ahmad Nawaz Sajjad Ali Comparison Coverage Crisis Electricity Newspapers This research investigates the editorial coverage of two elite newspapers of Pakistan; Daily the News International and Daily Dawn regarding electricity crisis in Pakistan from June 2010 to May 2011. For this research study, 49 editorials were studied, comprised 648 sentences. Twenty-two editorials (291 sentences) in Daily Dawn and 27 editorials (357 sentences) published in Daily the News International during the proposed period of the study. All editorial sentences are divided into five different categories; Causes, Effects, Reactions, Solutions and Miscellaneous of the electricity crisis according to the nature of data. The study finds out that both newspapers gave 22.06% favourable, 36.57% unfavourable coverage, while 41.35% neutral coverage on the issue which shows that both the newspapers have given more neutral coverage. The researcher used framing theory as a theoretical framework. In light of results, the researcher concluded that the media framed this crisis in a neutral way. Humanity Publications PhD scholar, Department of Media Studies, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Punjab, Pakistan. Lecturer, Department of Media and Communication Studies, University of Swat, Swat, KP, Pakistan. 2016-12-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gmcrjournal.com/article/comparative-study-of-editorials-of-daily-dawn-and-daily-the-news-international-regarding-electricity-crisis-of-pakistan https://doi.org/10.31703/gmcr.2016(I-I).03 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Mass Communication Review Volume 1, Issue 1 Pakistan

oai:gmcrjournal.com:393262 2016-12-30 gmcr

oai:gmcrjournal.com:393263 2016-12-30 gmcr

News Coverage of Child Labor Issue in Pakistani Press: A Comparative Analysis of Daily Dawn and Daily Jang Adnan Ali Arshad Rehman Khayam Hassan Child labor Daily Dawn Daily Jung The aim of this research was to evaluate child labor issue in the news coverage of in mainstream Pakistani press. The study also examined the news about awareness and education of the public towards the child labor issue. Quantitative content analysis was done for collection of data. A comparative study was conducted, where the news of the front and back page of the daily Dawn (English) and daily Jang (Urdu) were analyzed through purposive sampling technique from January 1st, 2016 to June 30th, 2016. The study revealed that the issue had not given more coverage, the newspapers had published more news single column, the government organizations had given more information instead of non-government organizations, and both newspapers had given more news about the violation of the child labor rights. While to educate and aware the public less coverage had been given. Humanity Publications Student, Department of Media and Communication Studies, University of Swat, KP, Pakistan. Student, Department of Media and Communication Studies, University of Swat, KP, Pakistan. Visiting Lecturer, Department of Media and Communication Studies, University of Swat, KP, Pakistan. 2016-12-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gmcrjournal.com/article/news-coverage-of-child-labor-issue-in-pakistani-press-a-comparative-analysis-of-daily-dawn-and-daily-jang https://doi.org/10.31703/gmcr.2016(I-I).04 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Mass Communication Review Volume 1, Issue 1 Pakistan

oai:gmcrjournal.com:393264 2016-12-30 gmcr

Assessing the Media Literacy amongst the Students of University of Swat Waqar Ahmad Sulaiman Khan Khayam Hassan Media Literacy Assessing Moderate Proficient This research assesses the level of media literacy among the students studying at the University of Swat because understanding media messages is important in this era of advanced communication and swift media. This research collects data through a questionnaire randomly from 210 students, where the response rate remained 94 percent as 117 respondents were and 89 respondents were female from the University of Swat. The finding of the study suggest that students have moderate ability to analyze media messages but less proficient in understanding how media produce messages and also, they do not have the ability to analyze, and evaluate media monopolies and their tricks. Humanity Publications Lecturer, Department of Media & Communication Studies, University of Swat, KP, Pakistan. Graduate Student, Department of Media & Communication Studies, University of Swat, KP, Pakistan. Lecturer, Department of Media & Communication Studies, University of Swat, KP, Pakistan. 2016-12-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gmcrjournal.com/article/assessing-the-media-literacy-amongst-the-students-of-university-of-swat https://doi.org/10.31703/gmcr.2016(I-I).05 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Mass Communication Review Volume 1, Issue 1 Pakistan

oai:gmcrjournal.com:393265 2016-12-30 gmcr

oai:gmcrjournal.com:393266 2017-12-30 gmcr

Reporting Balochistan Conflict: An analysis of Professional Constraints on Journalists Syed Atif Abbas Shirazi Baluchistan Conflict Reporting Journalists challenges This research was conducted to investigate the main causes, pressures that affect the media reporting on Baluchistan conflict. The researcher conducted interview and survey of different reporters, journalists and media managers who work on Balochistan Conflict for fair assessment. The target population in this study was working journalists, press club leaders. The researcher conducted face to face and telephonic interview for this project. This study addressed the important professional, political, religious, financial and military related issues that effect on reporting. In this study it is examined how Pakistani media report the Balochistan Conflict and how audience and readers react to this. The aim of this research was to get in depth understanding of the factors that put journalists at risk who cover Balochistan conflict. These problems have been examined in the light of the Model of "Hierarchal Influence Model introduced by Pamela Shoemaker & Stephen D. Reese. The methodology used for the study was semi-structured qualitative interviews. Humanity Publications Reporter, Department of Jang Group of Publication, International Islamic University, Islamabad, Pakistan. 2017-12-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gmcrjournal.com/article/reporting-balochistan-conflict-an-analysis-of-professional-constraints-on-journalists https://doi.org/10.31703/gmcr.2017(II-I).01 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Mass Communication Review Volume 2, Issue 1 Pakistan

oai:gmcrjournal.com:393267 2017-12-30 gmcr

Role of TV Talk Shows in Creating Political Awareness among Youth MakiRessan Abdullah Mamori Syed Inam ur Rahman Talk Shows Media Democracy Youth Media in Iraq after 2003 has become very effervescent in providing useful information to the people. In this research the political perspective of media information was studied where it was gauged that how media is creating awareness among masses of Iraq, as news talk shows have become integral part of electronic media in the world and it has established its trustworthiness. The researcher desires to assess the altitude of opinionated standards and level of consciousness about political contribution footed on the information about the Iraqi educated youngsters and the influence upon them by TV talk shows regarding politics. The quantitative method is used in this study. Universe for the present study consists of the general youth living in Baghdad. The researcher has selected 200 samples from Baghdad, the capital of Iraq. The researcher used the non-probability sampling technique with random selection method to fulfill the requirement of data gathering from the targeted audience. A well-designed questionnaire is used in this research study as a tool for the data collection. For data analysis the SPSS software for social science research is used. The outcomes of this study show that those viewers who watch talk shows have better culture and political knowledge than those who do not watch talk shows. Humanity Publications Student, International Islamic University, Islamabad, Pakistan. Teacher, Department of Media and Communication Studies, International Islamic University, Islamabad, Pakistan. 2017-12-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gmcrjournal.com/article/role-of-tv-talk-shows-in-creating-political-awareness-among-youth https://doi.org/10.31703/gmcr.2017(II-I).02 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Mass Communication Review Volume 2, Issue 1 Pakistan

oai:gmcrjournal.com:393268 2017-12-30 gmcr

World Domination Games and its Impact on the 21st Century Haseeb Ur Rehman Warrich Muhammad Rehman Sahrish Jamil Great Game New Great Game Game Changer Prefect Game Pillage Game Ideologies World War I & World War II No other element impacted the historical conditions of the preceding 100 years to such an extent as the war to secure and control the world's reserves of petroleum. Sustainable economic growth after 1873, that discouraged British Empire, arose mechanical economies in Europe. Central Asia remained the object of rivalries and machination by the giant countries of the Europe. World Domination Games started from Pillage Games that lead towards many "Games" such as Great Game, New Great Game, Game Changer and New Game Changer. All prefect countries desire to have a control over the world for the last two centuries. Their efforts turn into numerous clashes and clashes led towards wars. In the twentieth century wars transformed not only their names but also their genetics that has profound impact on the 21st Century. This laid foundation of the emerging new superpowers in every century. Humanity Publications Assistant Professor, Department of Arts & Media, Foundation University Islamabad, Rawalpindi Campus, Punjab, Pakistan. Lecturer, Department of Arts & Media, Foundation University Islamabad, Rawalpindi Campus, Punjab, Pakistan. Lecturer, Department of Arts & Media, Foundation University Islamabad, Rawalpindi Campus, Punjab, Pakistan. 2017-12-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gmcrjournal.com/article/world-domination-games-and-its-impact-on-the-21st-century https://doi.org/10.31703/gmcr.2017(II-I).03 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Mass Communication Review Volume 2, Issue 1 Pakistan

oai:gmcrjournal.com:393269 2017-12-30 gmcr

Exploration of Public Perception regarding Crime Raid Shows of Pakistani TV News Channels: An Ethical Perspective Zaheer-Ud-Din Babar Sadaf Zahra Khayam Hassan Fear Crime Media Responsibility Desensitization Violence Aggression and Media accountability Effects of television are very gigantic and enormous in terms of influencing the mind-set of audience through multiple tactics i.e., presentation styles, formats, language or even contents itself. However, crime and violence constitute major portion of media content and on the other hand, have significant impacts while producing changes in the behaviours of the audience as a result of constant exposure. Key objective of this study was to inquire that what audience actually thinks about crime raid shows broadcasted on Pakistani TV channels and the content presented in these programs by relating it with ethical standards. Residents of Multan city were taken as population of the study on which results had been generalized; moreover, sample of 480 was drawn from the population to collect data. Findings however happened to explain that media surely exaggerated the ratio of crime events occurred in reality which afterwards caused of fear, aggression and violent behaviors among the audience as a consequence. Moreover, viewers were also of the view that there must be substantial restrictions for media practitioners at times of presenting crime or violence as media should recognize its responsibility towards citizens and society. Humanity Publications Lecturer, Department of Mass Communication, Lahore Leads University, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. Research Associate, Faculty of Media & Communication Studies, University of Central Punjab, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. Visiting Lecturer, Department of Media & Communication Studies, University of Swat, KP, Pakistan. 2017-12-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gmcrjournal.com/article/exploration-of-public-perception-regarding-crime-raid-shows-of-pakistani-tv-news-channels-an-ethical-perspective https://doi.org/10.31703/gmcr.2017(II-I).04 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Mass Communication Review Volume 2, Issue 1 Pakistan

oai:gmcrjournal.com:393270 2017-12-30 gmcr

Private Channels' Dramas and Female Viewers Perceptions Tayaab Raza Salman Amin Sajjad Ali TV Channels Uses and Gratification Cluster Sampling Survey Methods Dramas This study was designed to explore females' watching habits of private channels' television dramas and its impacts on their perceptions. The main purpose of this study was planning to explore the perceptions of viewers about private channels dramas. Private TV channels are attracting the public magnetically. It was also found out that whether uses and gratification model was assimilated according with nature of the study, the survey contemplated to be an apt procedure for analyzing effects and social changes introduced by the three private TV channels. Finally, proportionate sample has drawn from occupation and location, and the disproportionate sample has drawn from age and education category using cluster sampling. The findings also reveal that female viewers significantly more prefer to wear Shalwar Qameez instead of miniskirts, Jeans and Shirts respectively. Furthermore, viewers preferred outfit while going outside home is dupatta as compared to veil, scarf, and hijab respectively. On the other hand, viewers do not prefer to wear caps, having open hairs, burka and sunglasses respectively. The findings also reveal that viewers significantly pick ideas about home decoration from dramas like setting of kitchens, bedroom, TV lounge, Drawing room and washroom respectively. Humanity Publications Career Advisor, Beaconhouse School Jhelum, Punjab, Pakistan. Lecturer, Department of Arts and Media, Foundation University Islamabad, Rawalpindi Campus, Rawalpindi, Punjab, Pakistan. Lecturer, Department of Media and Communication Studies, University of Swat, KP, Pakistan. 2017-12-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gmcrjournal.com/article/private-channels-dramas-and-female-viewers-perceptions https://doi.org/10.31703/gmcr.2017(II-I).05 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Mass Communication Review Volume 2, Issue 1 Pakistan

oai:gmcrjournal.com:393271 2018-12-30 gmcr

Dependency of Mainstream Pakistani English Newspapers on Foreign News Agencies: A Comparative Study of Daily Dawn and the News International Abid Mehmood Sajjad Ali Dependency of Mainstream Pakistani English Newspapers on Foreign News Agencies: A Comparative Study of Daily Dawn and the News International. The aim of this research is to highlight the influence of foreign news agencies on daily Dawn and the News International. Quantities Content analysis has been done, while data collected from two newspapers of three month, 2016. The researcher collected data through purposive sampling technique and coding sheet was used as a tool. The results revealed that both newspapers relied on the foreign news agency. The content analysis explored that daily Dawn was more dependent on front page coverage whereas daily the News International was on the back page. The study also disclosed that daily the News International is giving more value to the foreign wires news than daily Dawn as it has published more news stories in double columns. The result of the research supported the hypotheses and the assumptions of the applied theories including Framing theory and Gatekeeping theory that foreign news agencies are Framing and filtering information. Humanity Publications M.Phil Scholar, Department of Mass Communication, Lahore Leads University, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Department of Journalism & Mass Communication, University of Malakand, KP, Pakistan. 2018-12-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gmcrjournal.com/article/dependency-of-mainstream-pakistani-english-newspapers-on-foreign-news-agencies-a-comparative-study-of-daily-dawn-and-the-news-international https://doi.org/10.31703/gmcr.2018(III-I).01 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Mass Communication Review Volume 3, Issue 1 Pakistan

oai:gmcrjournal.com:393272 2018-12-30 gmcr

Media Framing of Bilateral Security Agreement between Afghanistan and USA Tayyab Ur Rahman Khitab US Afghanistan Peace Talks Media Framing Security in the region is one of the most important matters in international studies because it had many ups and downs during last decades. Although International Society leading U.S. sent troops to Afghanistan in order to fight against international terrorism, but still security challenges are remained the same. However, currently there is more consideration on roots of terrorism in Pakistan, but they are going to withdraw troops from Afghanistan after 2014. Some countries were pessimistic on presence of U.S. because they think U.S. has interests in Asia, controlling China, Russia and Iran. But others are worrying about future of region; especially that extremism is being expanded to the east part of China, Central Asia, and even to the south borders of Russia. Strategic agreement between Afghanistan and U.S. may have both negative and positive effects and impacts on security in the region. This research paper investigates Afghan media towards bilateral security agreement between Afghanistan and USA and its impact on regional peace and security. For this purpose, it examines the type of coverage's about security agreement get in newspapers. Content analysis of news reports from years 2014 to 2017 has done in order to know the framing of security agreement. Results reveal that media has been releasing favorable, natural and unfavorable coverage on security agreement. Humanity Publications Student, International Islamic University, Islamabad, Pakistan 2018-12-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gmcrjournal.com/article/media-framing-of-bilateral-security-agreement-between-afghanistan-and-usa https://doi.org/10.31703/gmcr.2018(III-I).02 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Mass Communication Review Volume 3, Issue 1 Pakistan

oai:gmcrjournal.com:393273 2018-12-30 gmcr

Dramas and their perception: A Social Awareness of Drama's Structures and their Representation Salman Amin Saadia Fatima Sajjad Ali Impact Pvt Channels Drama Rawalpindi Islamabad Lifestyles This research is designed to explore the impact of Pakistani dramas of the private channel on Pakistani women. To witness various effects caused by dramas, detailed research is carried out. To gather and document the perceptions of the female viewers of Rawalpindi and Islamabad, a detailed questionnaire was prepared. Through a sample of 300 respondents, data was collected from people of different age groups, educational background and occupational groups. The perceptions of viewers about the various content in dramas showed that private channels provide a lot of content for entertainment, education, comedy, information, serious, horror, emotional and musical content. Overall, it was observed that Geo TV dramas provide the content mentioned more frequently than Hum TV and ARY Digital. The study concludes that there are significant changes taking place in all the mentioned domains. The degree to which private channels display different lifestyles was another important variable of the study that has been discussed for so long, but it was observed from the finding that dramas of private channels promote multiple lifestyles (Western and Indian) on an equal basis. Humanity Publications Lecturer, Department of Arts and Media, Foundation University Islamabad, Rawalpindi Campus, Punjab, Pakistan. PhD Scholar, National University of Modern Languages, Islamabad, Pakistan. Lecturer, Department of Media and Communication Studies, University of Swat, KP, Pakistan. 2018-12-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gmcrjournal.com/article/dramas-and-their-perception-a-social-awareness-of-drama-structures-and-their-representation https://doi.org/10.31703/gmcr.2018(III-I).03 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Mass Communication Review Volume 3, Issue 1 Pakistan

oai:gmcrjournal.com:393274 2018-12-30 gmcr

Portrail of Afghan Refugees in the Wake of APS Attack Riaz Ghafur Afghan Refugees APS After the Russian invasion in 1979, most of the disturbed Afghans fled their homes. A huge number of refugees rushed to Pakistan, Iran, Tajikistan. Their influx increases infrastructure problems in the targeted countries. According to the United nations available resources, more than 4 million registered Afghan refugees, took shelter in Pakistan. These refugees were given nominated spaces throughout Khyber Pakhtunkhwa & Baluchistan to live there. After the fall of Kabul, refugees remained in Pakistani provinces. During their stay, so many incidents took place in Pakistan. According to the intelligence reports, in many terrorists' activities, Afghan refugees found responsible. The recent attack of Army Public School showed a strong connection between Afghan refugees' involvement in the incident. Pakistani Media also portrayed them with angles. Humanity Publications MS Student, Department of Media and Communication Studies, International Islamic University, Islamabad, Pakistan. 2018-12-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gmcrjournal.com/article/portrail-of-afghan-refugees-in-the-wake-of-aps-attack https://doi.org/10.31703/gmcr.2018(III-I).04 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Mass Communication Review Volume 3, Issue 1 Pakistan

oai:gmcrjournal.com:393275 2018-12-30 gmcr

Exploration of Public Perception About Drama Serial Meri Zaat Zarra-E-Benishan A Feminist Perspective Sadaf Zahra Zaheer-Ud-Din Babar Portrayal Self-Esteem Meri Zaat Zarra-e-Benishan Holy Quran Patriarchy Education The purpose of doing this study is to record and collect the views and thoughts of people about how women are portrayed by our media and to what degree this portrayal matches with real life situations females face and the treatments they get in their real lives. Several issues have been raised in past decades regarding denial of womens existence, brutality on women, resistance against the higher education for women, status of women in Islam, women rights and more. Few issues like higher education for women, forceful marriages, and injustice with women were considered for this study and respondents were asked about these issues and the acceptance or rejection of these issues by using Drama Serial Meri Zaat Zarra-e-Benishan as a tool for content analysis. Respondents were asked about the situations in the drama and the real-life situations and incidents they face; close to the story line of this drama. The result of the study was somehow positive; it was found that the intellectual level of people is comparatively better than those from the last two decades. People have started being positively inclined towards giving basic rights to females and they appreciate higher education for women in a pretty higher ratio now. Humanity Publications Ph.D. Scholar, Institute of Communication Studies, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. Ph.D. Scholar, Institute of Communication Studies, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. 2018-12-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gmcrjournal.com/article/exploration-of-public-perception-about-drama-serial-meri-zaat-zarraebenishan-a-feminist-perspective https://doi.org/10.31703/gmcr.2018(III-I).05 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Mass Communication Review Volume 3, Issue 1 Pakistan

oai:gmcrjournal.com:393276 2019-12-30 gmcr

An Overview of Islamophobia as Othering Ahmad Saeed Islamophobia Othering Western Media This study, "Islamophobia as othering" is an explanatory overview study of the widespread problem of "othering". The concept of othering means to consider the Muslims community as others in the society, especially in the western countries. The finding of this study shows that the usage of this term simultaneously increases the ideology of (US and Them). Historically, this Group-based process has ancient root in European countries and America. In fact, hundreds year before the concept of othering was used against Muslims of Spain, whom were forced to immigrate neighbor countries. Nowadays this black history once again has been repeating. Unfortunately, Muslims are scapegoat of this crisis than others. The framework of this paper is an overview based on Social Identity Theory and the researcher tried to explain the concept of "othering", in the light of carnet Islamophobia which is spread in the western media. Humanity Publications Student, International Islamic University, Islamabad, Pakistan. 2019-12-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gmcrjournal.com/article/an-overview-of-islamophobia-as-othering https://doi.org/10.31703/gmcr.2019(IV-I).01 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Mass Communication Review Volume 4, Issue 1 Pakistan

oai:gmcrjournal.com:393277 2019-12-30 gmcr

Representation of Muslims and Islam in US Print Media Afrasiab Muslims Islam Ideology Stereotype Islamophobia Ideology Media This study is an attempt to evaluate and check that how Muslims and Islam are represented /portrayed in western media through in the light of the relationship between Culture, belief, language, religion, ways of life and ideology. For finding that, headlines of larger circulated print media of the west the Independent, Chicago Tribune and Chicago Sun-Times, were selected w-e-f January 2016 to December 2017 and Muslim and Islam representation was studied. This study explores the image of Muslims and Islam in Chicago Tribune and Chicago Sun times Newspapers selected news headlines during the period 2016 to 2017. And found that the overall coverage regarding Muslims and Islam remain Negative in both newspapers. It is based on hypothesis that "the overall ratios of unfavorable coverage about Muslims and Islam would be greater than favorable coverage in Chicago Tribune and Chicago Sun times" and tested through content analysis and two communication theories and media framing theory is applied. 200news items published regarding Muslims and Islam during proposed period of study in both newspapers in which in Chicago Sun times the result was (31% coverage remained Positive 61% remained Negative and 8% remained Neutral) and in Chicago Tribune Positive (37% coverage remained Positive 56% remained Negative and 7% news items were Neutral).The above mentioned analysis proved that Muslims and Islam are represented negatively and it proved that the western media presents a bad image of Muslims. Humanity Publications Assistant Director, Department of Information, KP, Government, Pakistan. 2019-12-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gmcrjournal.com/article/representation-of-muslims-and-islam-in-us-print-media https://doi.org/10.31703/gmcr.2019(IV-I).02 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Mass Communication Review Volume 4, Issue 1 Pakistan

oai:gmcrjournal.com:393278 2019-12-30 gmcr

Projection of CPEC in Print Media of Pakistan from 2014-2019 Syed Imran Haider Azhar Waqar CPEC Print Media Narrative Favorable Un-Favorable The study aims to examine the narrative of CPEC disseminated by the Pakistani national print English media. For comprehensive understanding, the CPEC was divided into three dimensions, economic, culture and environment. The study follows the secondary data for the analysis of the narrative on the print English media about the CPEC. The English media was specified in a way that all the leading newspapers like Dawn, The Tribune and The News were consulted covering the news and the opinion-based articles. The study finds that the change in the trends about narrative of CPEC seems fluctuating between the favorable and unfavorable for Pakistan. Hence, the changing trends in narrative seem quite clear and visible. The study recommends that government and relevant officials representing CPEC should properly interaction with the media and journalists need to be capacitated in knowledge about the particular aspects of CPEC. Humanity Publications Assistant Professor, Department of Sociology, Allama Iqbal Open University, Islamabad, Pakistan. PhD Candidate, Department of International Relations, National University of Modern Languages, Islamabad, Pakistan. 2019-12-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gmcrjournal.com/article/projection-of-cpec-in-print-media-of-pakistan-from-20142019 https://doi.org/10.31703/gmcr.2019(IV-I).03 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Mass Communication Review Volume 4, Issue 1 Pakistan

oai:gmcrjournal.com:393279 2019-12-30 gmcr

How Mainstream Medias Agenda Influence the Local Newspapers Priorities? Riaz Ghafur Mainstream Media Newspapers CPEC. Media in Pakistan varies from local to national level. This study investigates Pakistan's two mainstream and two local newspapers contents- while taking China Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC) as a case study- for agenda setting patterns and influence on each other. A look at various newspapers in Pakistan suggests that every Newspaper is almost copy of its contemporaries. The main objective of the study is to highlight that mainstream media influence local media. The main significance of my study and research is to create the importance of local newspapers. The case study for this research is "China-Pakistan Economic Corridor" (CPEC), a controversial and political issue between federal and Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. Methodology for this study is qualitative content analysis guided by Agenda setting theory. The analysis found the following themes, which became part of the public as well as political discourse in the ongoing debate on CPEC. It was concluded that mainstream media partially influenced the Print media agenda. Humanity Publications MS Student, Department of Media and Communication Studies, International Islamic University, Islamabad, Pakistan. 2019-12-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gmcrjournal.com/article/how-mainstream-medias-agenda-influence-the-local-newspapers-priorities https://doi.org/10.31703/gmcr.2019(IV-I).04 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Mass Communication Review Volume 4, Issue 1 Pakistan

oai:gmcrjournal.com:393280 2019-12-30 gmcr

How much Users Consider Information from Social Media Reliable: A Study regarding Facebook, Twitter and WhatsApp Muhammad Shahid Kainat Ali Musa Kamal Social Media Facebook Twitter WhatsApp Information Reliability Social media has become a household name in the present age and this study aims to explore the reliability of information shared on social media. The researchers conducted a survey taking responses from 150 members of Peshawar Press Club. Also, Facebook, Twitter and WhatsApp were selected for this study as these platforms are widely used in the area selected for the research. Of the respondents, 64% were males and 34% females. Almost 67% of the respondents agreed that news content shared on social media is reliable while 33% said it is not reliable. Also, 80% of the respondents considered Facebook as reliable social media platform, 15% marked Twitter, 49% opted for WhatsApp. The finding shows that majority of users use social media for being in contact with each other. Humanity Publications PhD Candidate, Department of Journalism and Mass Communication, University of Peshawar, KP, Pakistan. BS graduate, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, KP, Pakistan. BS graduate, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, KP, Pakistan. 2019-12-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gmcrjournal.com/article/how-much-users-consider-information-from-social-media-reliable-a-study-regarding-facebook-twitter-and-whatsapp https://doi.org/10.31703/gmcr.2019(IV-I).05 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Mass Communication Review Volume 4, Issue 1 Pakistan

oai:gmcrjournal.com:393281 2019-12-30 gmcr

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Role of Electronic Media and Revival of Cricket in Pakistan: Exploring the Perception of UCP Students Salman Ishaq Balouch Sadaf Zahra Zaheer-Ud-Din Babar Electronic Media Cricket Pakistan Whatever the nature of Indo-Pak cricket but it is a part of the celebration of a common cricket culture. India Pakistan cricket rivalry takes political and commercial importance because of common culture and history of conflict. Enthusiasm, appreciation and knowledge is the part of this rivalry on an international level. India Pakistan cricket is the easiest way for the broadcasters, sponsors and advertisers to maximize the return on their investment. Now it is the responsibility of the politicians on both sides to toe the line set by cricket, and solve the issues in foreign Humanity Publications Student, Faculty of Media & Communication Studies, University of Central Punjab, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. Lecturer, Faculty of Media & Communication Studies, University of Central Punjab, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. Lecturer, Department of Mass Communication, National University of Modern Languages, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. 2019-12-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gmcrjournal.com/article/role-of-electronic-media-and-revival-of-cricket-in-pakistan-exploring-the-perception-of-ucp-students https://doi.org/10.31703/gmcr.2019(IV-I).06 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Mass Communication Review Volume 4, Issue 1 Pakistan

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The Impact of Watching Television Sports Channels in Promotion of Sports Activities among the Students of University of Sargodha Sajjad Ali Muhammad Saqib Ilmas Shajee Hassan Sports Channels Stratified and Purposive Sampling Chi-Square ANOVA TTest This study analyzes the impact of watching television sports channels on the promotion of sports activities among the students of the University of Sargodha. The aim of the study is to explore the impact of sports channels on students. Previous researches are used to set up the concepts of the present study. In this research, a survey technique is used to collect the data. The population of the study consists of male and female students of the University of Sargodha. In this research, the Stratified and Purposive sampling technique is used, through which specification characteristics of the respondent's demographics. The study explores the impact of sports channels in the view of Uses and Gratification Theory. The data for this study is collected through the use of a well-designed questionnaire. Chi-square test and other statistical tests like ANOVA and t-Test are applied to test the hypothesis. The finding shows that more the exposure to TV sports channels more the information level of students of the University of Sargodha. Humanity Publications Assistant Professor, Department of Journalism & Mass Communication, University of Malakand, KP, Pakistan. Reporter, Express Media Group, Sargodha, Punjab, Pakistan. Lecturer, Department of Media and Communication Studies, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, Punjab, Pakistan. 2019-12-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gmcrjournal.com/article/the-impact-of-watching-television-sports-channels-in-promotion-of-sports-activities-among-the-students-of-university-of-sargodha https://doi.org/10.31703/gmcr.2019(IV-I).07 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Mass Communication Review Volume 4, Issue 1 Pakistan

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Hollywood Interpretative Overview on Communism: An Analysis of Pre, During & Post-Cold War Era Abida Noureen Tanveer Hussain Haseeb Ur Rehman Warrich Hollywood Ideology Propaganda Communism Social Constructivism. The US communist or socialist fright began in the late 1800s, the moment when blue-collar workers stood up in opposition to get their fundamental integrity, remuneration betterment etc., and the attainment of such integrities from intercontinental supremacies, and to have remained in opposition to such economical way of mechanism. The fears of communism and their followers of anti-harmony to US community were seen among the structural class systems of ethnic interconnectedness. The elementary struggle is related to the portrayal of Communism and their followers in Hollywood productions. It relates to exacerbating negatively frame about their ideological depictions, communist countries and the individuals interlinked with it. Humanity Publications Assistant Professor, Department of Media Studies, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Punjab, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, School of media and communication studies, UMT, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Department of Arts & Media, Foundation University Islamabad, Rawalpindi Campus, Rawalpindi, Punjab, Pakistan. 2020-03-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gmcrjournal.com/article/Hollywood-Interpretative-Overview-on-Communism-An-Analysis-of-Pre-During-Post-Cold-War-Era https://doi.org/10.31703/gmcr.2020(V-I).01 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Mass Communication Review Volume 5, Issue 1 Pakistan

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Moderation of Superior-Subordinate Communication: Relationship between Policy-Making and Policy based Attitude towards Implementation Syed Hassan Raza Tahir Mahmood Moneeba Iftikhar Superior-Subordinate Communication Policymaking Policy-Based Attitude Pakistan. Bureaucracy of Punjab. The study bridges the research gap concerning the direct relation of policymaking (PM) and policy-based attitude (PBA), later by investigating the moderation of superior-subordinate communication (SSC) in their relationship by advancing the LMX theory. Using the demonstrative sample (n=253) collected from the in-service bureaucrats of Punjab, data were analyzed by using (SEM) Structural Equation Modeling approach on AMOS 22.0. The findings demonstrate that a positive relationship existed between policymaking and policy-based attitude. Meanwhile, SSC moderates the policymaking and policy-based attitude positively. It also suggests some recommendations for improving the policymaking by ensuring the availability of SSC channels among the bureaucracy of Punjab. Humanity Publications Lecturer, Department of Communication Studies, Bahauddin Zakariya University Multan, Punjab, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Department of Communication Studies, Bahauddin Zakariya University Multan, Punjab, Pakistan. Lecturer, Department of Mass Communication, Lahore College for Women University, Lahore, Pakistan. 2020-03-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gmcrjournal.com/article/Moderation-of-Superior-Subordinate-Communication-Relationship-between-Policy-Making-and-Policy-based-Attitude-towards-Implementation https://doi.org/10.31703/gmcr.2020(V-I).02 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Mass Communication Review Volume 5, Issue 1 Pakistan

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Men's Perception of Women Regarding the Internet Usage in the Khyber Agency Pakistan: An Exploratory Study Arif Ahmad Internet Usage Gender Discrimination Khyber Agency Rural Areas Pakistan. Khyber agency is located near the border of Afghanistan, due to continuous war in Afghanistan, patriarchal society and domination of males, the women of Khyber agency have no access to education, basic human rights and internet technologies. This paper investigated the gender discrimination in the use of the internet in the Khyber agency of Pakistan, the war-torn area adjacent to Afghanistan. A mixed method approach visa-vis in-depth interviews and purposive survey of the respondents was used to collect data. The in-depth interviews were analyzed using NVivo and SPSS was employed to analyze survey data. The findings indicate that there is a digital divide that promotes gender discrimination in the Khyber agency regarding the internet usage. The patriarchal nature of the tribal society deprives women from internet contributing to the gender discrimination. Additionally, the male dominance of the rural tribal society is associated with stereotypical discourses of women. Humanity Publications Visiting lecturer, Department of Mass communication, National university of Modern Languages, NUML University Islamabad, Pakistan. 2020-03-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gmcrjournal.com/article/Mens-Perception-of-Women-Regarding-the-Internet-Usage-in-the-Khyber-Agency-Pakistan-An-Exploratory-Study https://doi.org/10.31703/gmcr.2020(V-I).04 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Mass Communication Review Volume 5, Issue 1 Pakistan

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A Media Framing Analysis of Political-Military Narrative on Pakistan's Military Operation Zarb-E-Azb Saima Gul Shamaila Farooq Shahid Ahmed Afridi Media framing analysis Operation Zarb-e-Azb National Action Plan Inter Services Public Relations. National Counter Terrorism Authority Financial Action Task Force Raad-Al-Fasad The language, structure and undertone using which the media frame an issue influence, formulate public opinion. A manifestation of this is the largest - in scale, intensity and impactmilitary operation conducted by the Pakistan army since the country's explicit involvement in the global war on terror. "Zarb-e-Azb (ZeB)", Pakistan Military's flagship operation against militant outfits operating predominantly from erstwhile Federally Administered Tribal Areas, (FATA) was launched in June, 2014. The initial successes of the operation could be attributed to the whole-of-the-nation approach deployed by the Pakistan army reflecting a national consensus to extricate terrorism. Media is a strong driver of public opinion and ZeB could prove to be ineffective without public consensus and support. Therefore, any understanding of the causal effects of ZeB's outcomes must begin from an analysis of the media frames, developed through opinion making in print journalism, that have done to form, or in certain cases unformed, a certain public opinion. Humanity Publications Lecturer, Department of International Relations, University of Peshawar, KP, Pakistan. Ph.D, Department of International Relations, University of Peshawar, KP, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, National Defence University, Islamabad, Pakistan. 2020-03-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gmcrjournal.com/article/A-Media-Framing-Analysis-of-Political-Military-Narrative-on-Pakistans-Military-Operation-Zarb-E-Azb https://doi.org/10.31703/gmcr.2020(V-I).05 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Mass Communication Review Volume 5, Issue 1 Pakistan

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Behavioral Escalation: Video Games as a Tool of Hybrid War Haseeb Ur Rehman Warrich Sahrish Jamil Fazal Rahim Khan Behavioral escalation Video games Hybrid war Gaming industry Negative effects Positive effects Gaming industry in its short span of around forty years has evolved from a hobby to a huge economic industry. However, undeniably, incredible advancement in video game graphics has allowed this virtual world to manipulate and escalate its consumer's behavior. Violent video games, according to Professor Robert Sparrow, have long been used for political contestation and social unrest. The study serves to analyze behavioral escalation through video games. This study has used Ian Bogust's Procedural Rhetoric as a methodology to analyze video games. The results showed that video games are persuasive interactive medium that escalate behavior and have great potential to be used as a tool of Hybrid war. Louis Jones stated that propaganda and unconventional warfare is not a new thing, it dates back to Greeks when they left wooden horse at Troy. Colin Gray, military strategist, described the future warfare as similar to the historical one but with modern means of technology. The new virtual means of warfare have not altered the nature of warfare but have developed its new ways. Combat games are more realistic in sense of its enhanced graphics and presentation. This study points towards the great potential in video games to work as a tool for Hybrid war. Humanity Publications Assistant Professor, Department of Arts & Media, Foundation University Islamabad, Rawalpindi Campus, Rawalpindi, Punjab, Pakistan. Lecturer, Department of Arts & Media, Foundation University Islamabad, Rawalpindi Campus, Rawalpindi, Punjab, Pakistan. Professor, Department of Arts & Media, Foundation University Islamabad, Rawalpindi Campus, Rawalpindi, Punjab, Pakistan. 2020-03-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gmcrjournal.com/article/Behavioral-Escalation-Video-Games-as-a-Tool-of-Hybrid-War https://doi.org/10.31703/gmcr.2020(V-I).06 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Mass Communication Review Volume 5, Issue 1 Pakistan

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Influence of Facebook on Educational, Political and Cultural life of Students: A Case Study of University of Swat Spogmai Sajjad Ali Facebook Influence Education Political Information Culture Fashion University of Swat This study was conducted to analyze the influence and exposure of university students on Facebook. The researcher conducted to examine the educational, political, cultural and fashion influence of Facebook on university students. A quantitative methodology was used by the researcher, and survey technique was used for the collection of data. A questionnaire was designed to contained close-ended questions to collect data randomly from the students of the University of Swat. The data was analyzed through the statistical package for social sciences (SPSS, version.19) to ensure impartiality in the results of the study. The results revealed that most of the students are using Facebook. The study also disclosed that students in the university of Swat are using Facebook for educational purposes. The researcher found that Most of the students also use Facebook for fashion and cultural information. The study proved that most of the students using Facebook for online educational information as compare to political information. It is also found that Students exposed to fashion information than cultural information through Facebook. Humanity Publications Postgraduate Student of Media & Communication Studies, University of Swat, KP, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Department of Journalism and Mass Communication, University of Malakand, Chakdra, Dir Lower, KP, Pakistan. 2020-03-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gmcrjournal.com/article/influence-of-facebook-on-educational-political-and-cultural-life-of-students-a-case-study-of-university-of-swat https://doi.org/10.31703/gmcr.2020(V-I).07 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Mass Communication Review Volume 5, Issue 1 Pakistan

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Healthcare Service Delivery News in Pakistani Print Media: A Comparative Analysis of Daily Jang and Daily Dawn Abid Mehmood Sajjad Ali Healthcare Service Delivery News in Pakistani Print Media. Health conditions in Pakistan are very bad. Government and non-governmental organizations are trying to meet international standard of health services. Some healthcare providers are educated, trained and certified from the government but some are unqualified and not certified. In this research two national newspapers are analyzed the daily Jang Urdu and the daily Dawn English. These newspapers cover healthcare services such as indoor patient, outdoor patient maternity and other health services in news stories. These services are also seen in the Literature Review. The researcher analyzed on coverage of healthcare in newspapers the daily Jang and the daily Dawn. This research has been performed by using content analysis technique under quantitative methodology. Media agenda setting theory was adopted in the theoretical framework as in the literature review. The statistical analyses of data analysis have been done in the form of frequency distribution and correlation analysis. SPSS is used to analyze the content of data. The results show that daily Jang is giving more coverage to health-related news stories than daily Dawn. Humanity Publications M.Phil Scholar, Department of Mass Communication, Lahore Leads University, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Department of Journalism & Mass Communication, University of Malakand, KP, Pakistan. 2020-06-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gmcrjournal.com/article/Healthcare-Service-Delivery-News-in-Pakistani-Print-Media-A-Comparative-Analysis-of-Daily-Jang-and-Daily-Dawn https://doi.org/10.31703/gmcr.2020(V-II).01 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Mass Communication Review Volume 5, Issue 2 Pakistan

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Role of Print Media During COVID-19: A Content Analysis of Daily Mashriq and Daily Aaj in Pakistan Muhammad Shahid Amna Istimraj Umair Nawaz Print Media Daily Aaj Daily Mashriq COVID-19 Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Print media plays a key role in raising awareness among people and in the public understanding of various issues. This study discusses the role the print media during COVID-19 pandemic how the print media raises awareness among people in the contagion. Using a quantitative method, the researchers analysed the contents of two leading newspapers of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, daily Mashriq and Daily Aaj. The study then achieved the results regarding how they reported the stories in various dimensions such as awareness, negative, positive aspects, etc. Humanity Publications Visiting Lecturer, Department of Journalism and Mass Communication, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, KP, Pakistan. BS Graduate, Department of Journalism and Mass Communication, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, KP, Pakistan. BS Graduate, Department of Journalism and Mass Communication, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, KP, Pakistan. 2020-06-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gmcrjournal.com/article/role-of-print-media-during-covid19-a-content-analysis-of-daily-mashriq-and-daily-aaj-in-pakistan https://doi.org/10.31703/gmcr.2020(V-II).02 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Mass Communication Review Volume 5, Issue 2 Pakistan

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Impact of Social Media in Adoption of New Trends of Visual Arts: A Case Study of Established Visual Artists in Twins Cities Muhammad Ayub Wali Salman Amin Muhammad Rehman Social Media Visual arts Visual artists Adoption Visual Art Educators. Introduction This study has investigated the problem of finding the impact of social media in adoption of new trends of visual arts on established visual artists of twin cities and also how social media facilitates in disseminating new techniques of visual arts among the art practitioners. The aims of the research were to investigate the impact of social media in adoption of new trends of visual arts among established visual artists, and also to evaluate the existing techniques of visual arts through diffusion innovation model among the established visual artists. The researcher has conducted interviews of established visual artists, questionnaires were also furnished. The stakeholders were practicing field visual artists (studio based) and visual art educators (art teachers). The result concluded from the present study was that adoption of social media has a positive significant relation with adoption of new trends of arts and impact on the skills of artists whereas adoption of social media has a negative but significant relation with use of social media. Humanity Publications Assistant Professor, Department of Fine Arts, National College of Arts, Rawalpindi, Punjab, Pakistan. Lecturer, Department of Arts and Media, Foundation University Islamabad, Rawalpindi Campus, Rawalpindi, Punjab, Pakistan. Lecturer, Department of Arts and Media, Foundation University Islamabad, Rawalpindi Campus, Rawalpindi, Punjab, Pakistan. 2020-06-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gmcrjournal.com/article/impact-of-social-media-in-adoption-of-new-trends-of-visual-arts-a-case-study-of-established-visual-artists-in-twins-cities https://doi.org/10.31703/gmcr.2020(V-II).03 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Mass Communication Review Volume 5, Issue 2 Pakistan

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The Role of Media in the Coverage of Internally Displaced Persons (IDPS) of Malakand Division (Khyber Pakhtunkhwa) Dost Muhammad Yousafzai Mehrunnisa Role of Media IDPs Malakand Division. The Taliban rule in Swat and the adjoining districts of Malakand Division was a major threat to the democratic stability of Pakistan. In consequence, the state had to mobilize the army and to curb militancy through force after all peaceful measures had failed. During the military operation, about 3 million people became IDPs (internally displaced persons) with no food and shelter. The only means of bringing the problems of the IDPs to the notice of public was possible only through media. The present research study is undertaken to highlight the role of media mainly the print in representing the IDPs, the language they used to describe the events and the experience of senior journalists (Bureau Chiefs) in the field. The study concludes that media performed in a commendable way to highlight the problems of IDPs, to glorify the army and to downplay the anti-state narrative of the Taliban. Further, it is found that despite all efforts, the media personnel felt torn between the various sides' expectations. On the one hand, they were pressed hard by the government and the IDPs to give them more coverage while the militants would also issue threats to them in case their views were not properly. Humanity Publications PhD Scholar, Department of Media and Communication Studies, University of central Punjab, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. Department of Media and Communication Studies, University of central Punjab, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. 2020-06-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gmcrjournal.com/article/the-role-of-media-in-the-coverage-of-internally-displaced-persons-idps-of-malakand-division-khyber-pakhtunkhwa https://doi.org/10.31703/gmcr.2020(V-II).04 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Mass Communication Review Volume 5, Issue 2 Pakistan

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Countering Fake News in Media: A Study on Journalists Based in Mardan and Nowshera Muhammad Shahid Muhammad Ibrahim Ibrar Ullah Fake News Social Media Mardan Nowshera Government This research focuses on fake news and how journalists understand and counter fake news. The researchers used purposive sampling and collected data through in-depth interviews. Members of Mardan and Nowshera press clubs were interviewed regarding how they counter fake news. All the respondents agreed that fake news must be discouraged and that not only the media persons but the government should also take action against media organizations that publish or onair fake news. Most of them said that social media is the main source of fake news and that there should be some kind of regulations on social media to discourage fake news. Some called for training for journalists on how to counter fake news. Humanity Publications PhD Scholar, Department of Journalism and Mass Communication, University of Peshawar, KP, Pakistan. BS Graduate, Department of Journalism and Mass Communication, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, KP, Pakistan. BS Graduate, Department of Journalism and Mass Communication, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, KP, Pakistan. 2020-06-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gmcrjournal.com/article/countering-fake-news-in-media-a-study-on-journalists-based-in-mardan-and-nowshera https://doi.org/10.31703/gmcr.2020(V-II).05 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Mass Communication Review Volume 5, Issue 2 Pakistan

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Reporting Sino-Indian Border Conflict Through Peace Journalism Approach Haseeb Ur Rehman Warrich Rooh Ul Amin Khan Salma Umber Sino-Indian Border Conflict Ladakh Conflict Peace Journalism War Journalism Chines Press Indian Press The study attempts to analyze the coverage of recent Sino-Indian border conflict through peace and war journalism along with understanding how peace journalism ideals can be translated into conflict reporting. The descriptive analysis of news stories published from May 5, 2020, to October 5, 2020, in the mainstream contemporary English press of China (China Daily and Global Times) and India (Times of India and The Hindu) is carried out through content analysis. The period is significant because of the recent border conflict between China and India at Ladakh. The approach of peace and war journalism is explored through in-depth interviews of Indian and Chinese journalists. The study concluded that both Indian and Chinese press employed war framing more dominantly than peace framing while reporting on-going border conflict. A higher instance of peace journalism was recorded in the Chinese press in comparison to the Indian press. The ideals of peace journalism can be achieved by refraining from becoming part of the propaganda paradigm. Humanity Publications Assistant Professor, Department of Arts & Media, Foundation University, Islamabad, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Department of Media and Communication Studies, International Islamic University, Islamabad, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Department of Mass Communication, Govt College University Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan. 2020-09-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gmcrjournal.com/article/reporting-sinoindian-border-conflict-through-peace-journalism-approach https://doi.org/10.31703/gmcr.2020(V-III).01 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Mass Communication Review Volume 5, Issue 3 Pakistan

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Women, Culture and Television in Pakistan: A Cross Sectional Study Malik Adnan Babrak Niaz Sadaf Irtaza Television Media Effects Culture Women The basic goal of this study was to discover the cultural effects of television on women television viewers. The findings of the research study indicated the respondents' viewpoint. The majority was agreed to the point of view that television is the best source for new dress designs and dressing trends, and they also agreed that due to television exposure dressing style has been changed. Most of the respondents negated the point of view that television exposure is changing food habits. While when they asked television, exposure is affecting your language, then some respondents negated this point of view, and some quite agreed. Majority of the respondent negated this point of view that exposure to television is affecting their domestic events and celebrations. Most of the respondents were agree that television inspired them towards new fashion trends. Humanity Publications Assistant Professor, Department of Media Studies, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Punjab, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Department of Media Studies, University of Balochistan, Quetta, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Department of Media Studies, University of Balochistan, Quetta, Pakistan. 2020-09-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gmcrjournal.com/article/women-culture-and-television-in-pakistan-a-cross-sectional-study https://doi.org/10.31703/gmcr.2020(V-III).02 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Mass Communication Review Volume 5, Issue 3 Pakistan

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The Influence of Advertisements on Adoption of Family Planning Methods in Pakistan Abdul Rehman Madni Ashraf Iqbal Zaheer Ud Din Babar Advertisements Family Planning Behavioral Intention. Despite government measures to control the birth rate in Pakistan and spreading awareness about family planning through advertisements, the Pakistani population growth rate is still high. Pakistan Electronic Media Regulatory Authority (PEMRA) banned advertisements of contraceptives because of the complaints and pressure of a religious section of society. The main objective of this study is to investigate the influence of positive and negative feelings of viewers toward advertisements of family planning on behavioral intentions to adopt family planning methods. Data were collected from the 525 Pakistanis using a cross-sectional study design. The study adopted snowball sampling through the personally-administered method. Partial Least Squares-Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) was used to test the study hypotheses. Findings of the study show that PF is an important factor in influencing intention to adopt family planning methods; while NF has no significant influence on intention. Conclusively, this research has added valuable contributions, both practically and theoretically in the advertising field. Humanity Publications Lecturer, Department of Communication and Media Studies, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, Punjab, Pakistan. In charge/Assistant Professor, Department of Mass Communication, GC University, Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan. Lecturer, Department of Mass Communication, NUML, Lahore, Pakistan. 2020-09-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gmcrjournal.com/article/the-influence-of-advertisements-on-adoption-of-family-planning-methods-in-pakistan https://doi.org/10.31703/gmcr.2020(V-III).03 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Mass Communication Review Volume 5, Issue 3 Pakistan

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A Corpus Assisted Comparative Study of Metadiscourse Markers in Opinion Articles of American and Pakistani Newspapers Athar Rashid Arshad Ali Shahid Abbas Metadiscourse Markers The USA Today The News Booster Hedges Writers often use metadiscourse markers to express their messages compellingly and persuasively. The current research explores the frequency of metadiscourse markers in Pakistani and American Newspapers using corpus linguistics methods. Opinion articles from both The News and The USA Today were collected, cleaned, and analyzed using the AntConc software. The primary focus of the research was on two interpersonal features: hedges and boosters. The findings of the study suggest that American writers tend to use more metadiscourse markers than Pakistani writers do. The findings also suggest that the frequency of hedges is higher than that of boosters in both Pakistani and American articles. The findings also suggest that writers prefer to use hedges to convey doubt, uncertainty, and lack of confidence. On the other hand, writers prefer to use boosters when writing about facts that make their writing style more confident and assertive. Humanity Publications Assistant Professor, Department of Governance & Public Policy, National University of Modern Languages, Islamabad, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Department of English, National University of Modern Languages, Islamabad, Pakistan. Lecturer, Department of English, University of Sargodha, Punjab, Pakistan. 2020-09-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gmcrjournal.com/article/a-corpus-assisted-comparative-study-of-metadiscourse-markers-in-opinion-articles-of-american-and-pakistani-newspapers https://doi.org/10.31703/gmcr.2020(V-III).04 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Mass Communication Review Volume 5, Issue 3 Pakistan

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Strategies and Persuasive Appeals in the Public Service Messages about Health Issues on Pakistani Television Channels Qaisar Khan Syed Inam Ur Rahman Amna Nudrat PSM Health Issues Audience Behaviour Key Strategies Persuasive Appeal The study analyses strategies and persuasive appeals in the public service messages aired on Pakistani TV channels during 2016-2018, that measures the effects of PSMs on audience behaviour. The PSMs fails to deliver messages due to dissimilar socio-economic backdrop and scope of the audience understanding. The purposive sampling of six selected PSM is on the bases of health themed PSM's. Objective is to investigate the characteristics of ads, role of the message, major health issues, sources of the message and appeals. The AIDA model, persuasion theory and social responsibility theory used to filter the textual analysis of the selected PSMs. It was found that the PSMs presented health issues while using celebrity endorsement and persuasive message appeals as persuasive techniques. The PSMs such as breast cancer persuaded women for self-care, calcium deficiency PSM to calcium intakes, heat stroke PSM to precautionary measures during emergency situations, the malnutrition PSM to women healthy diet during pregnancy. The study recommends that advertisers, producers and TV channels should adopt audience perception based important strategies for social welfare, while the state must promote them. Humanity Publications Senior Assistant Professor, Bahria University Islamabad, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Department of Media and Communication Studues, Internatiinal Islamic University, Islamabad, Pakistan. MS Researc Scholar, Department of Media and Communication Studies, Bahria University, Islamabad, Pakistan. 2020-09-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gmcrjournal.com/article/strategies-and-persuasive-appeals-in-the-public-service-messages-about-health-issues-on-pakistani-television-channels https://doi.org/10.31703/gmcr.2020(V-III).05 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Mass Communication Review Volume 5, Issue 3 Pakistan

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Exploring the Idea of Secularism among Media Students Ifra Iftikhar Irem Sultana Rao Shahid Mahmood Khan Secularism Media Students Religion Islam Secularism is the most misunderstood and misconstrued term. The study analyses the comprehension of the concept of secularism in the minds of youth in Pakistan. A brief survey was conducted among 200 media students in a public university, and four focus groups were conducted to explore their understanding of secularism and its relationship with Islam. The survey was comprised of straight forward three items asking for unambiguous responses. The findings revealed that secularism, by any definition, and are not an unambiguous notion for the youth in Pakistan despite the fact that contemporary Muslim religious scholars do not view secularism as a negation of Islam. Secularism to them represents a concept in competition with traditional religion. It is essentially linked to the issues of ethical particularism rather than a neutral, positive ideology that asks for the separation of state and religion. Humanity Publications Associate Professor, Department of Mass Communication, Lahore Garrison University, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Department of Mass Communication, Government College University, Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Department of Media Studies, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Punjab, Pakistan. 2020-09-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gmcrjournal.com/article/exploring-the-idea-of-secularism-among-media-students https://doi.org/10.31703/gmcr.2020(V-III).06 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Mass Communication Review Volume 5, Issue 3 Pakistan

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Impact of Music on Vocally Expressed Emotions and Moods in Nostalgia Ashraf Iqbal Umia Gul Noorulain Nasir Music Therapy Mixed Emotion Nostalgia Remixing of Songs Emotion Trigger Mood Changer The impetus of this research work is to study the impact of musical therapy and songs to excite the human emotion with respect to the past memory. At the primitive music history, music was the tool of entertainment and was in the access of elite class only. But now a day it is in the access of every hand in the form of mobile music player. This will figure out the role of music in our life with respect to its role in emotion driving ability. Considering the influence and the role of music in controlling our psychology, it is much important that it should be used as positive emotion driver. This research will help us to explore the use of music in our routine life and endeavours to determine its value to our emotions. Private school teachers will be asked to share their experience about Nostalgia remembering their past Humanity Publications Incharge, Department of Mass Communication, Government College University Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan. MPhil Scholar, Government College University Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan. Lecturer, SMCS, UMT, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. 2020-09-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gmcrjournal.com/article/impact-of-music-on-vocally-expressed-emotions-and-moods-in-nostalgia https://doi.org/10.31703/gmcr.2020(V-III).07 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Mass Communication Review Volume 5, Issue 3 Pakistan

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Exploring Transgender's Representation, Perceptions and Experiences: An Analytical Study of Portrayal of Transgenders in Bollywood Movies and Its Effects on Transgender Community of Lahore, Pakistan Zaeem Yasin Sumera Batool Iqra Naseer Media Representations Transgender's Experiences Bollywood Movies The study attempts to analyze the portrayal of transgender in Bollywood movies and also explored viewpoints of transgender's regarding their representation in selected Bollywood movies. The study focused on them with reference to their problems and challenges. Queer and framing theories provide theoretical implications for the study. The queer theory implies that media content establishes the identities of transgenders through characterization in stereotypical ways, while framing theory infers that media adopt particular frames to enable viewers to think about the transgender's community in a specific manner. Content analysis, survey and intensive interviews were used as research methods. The study concluded that there is a stereotypical representation of transgenders in Bollywood movies. They are portrayed as sex workers, beggars, criminals and dancers. However, the transgender community is looking for a change regarding the stigmatization and misconceptions about them. Humanity Publications Assistant Professor, Department of Mass Communication, Lahore College for Women University, Lahore Punjab, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Department of Mass Communication, Lahore College for Women University, Lahore Punjab, Pakistan. MS Mass Communication, Department of Mass Communication, Lahore College for Women University, Lahore Punjab, Pakistan. 2020-09-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gmcrjournal.com/article/exploring-transgenders-representation-perceptions-and-experiences-an-analytical-study-of-portrayal-of-transgenders-in-bollywood-movies-and-its-effects-on-transgender-community-of-lahore-pakistan https://doi.org/10.31703/gmcr.2020(V-III).08 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Mass Communication Review Volume 5, Issue 3 Pakistan

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Agenda-Building Function of Twitter: Exploring Rehashing of Political Tweets in News Channels of Pakistan Shahid Hussain Farrukh Shahzad Mazhar Hussain Twitter Inter-Media Agenda Setting News Media Political Tweets Exclusive Twitter has become a podium of political communication in the last decade. This study examines the intermedia agenda-setting effects between traditional mainstream media and Twitter on political tweets. For this study, the tweets of three prominent politicians of Pakistan and their intermedia agenda-setting effects on television channels PTV News, Geo News and ARY News were analyzed. Based on content analysis, the results of the study indicate that media usually give more coverage to political tweets more than tweets on any other issue. Twitter and TV news channels overlap agendas for the similarity of the topics. Tweets and news content showed that the Indian occupied Kashmir issue is a state foreign policy because PTV News broadcasted the opposition's tweets related to Kashmir only while ignoring their political tweets. The study suggested the mainstream news channels usually depend on Twitter for exclusive and policy news. Humanity Publications Assistant Professor, Department of Mass Communication, Allama Iqbal Open University, Islamabad, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Department of Media Studies, Bahria University, Islamabad, Pakistan. Department of Mass Communication, Allama Iqbal Open University, Islamabad, Pakistan. 2020-09-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gmcrjournal.com/article/agendabuilding-function-of-twitter-exploring-rehashing-of-political-tweets-in-news-channels-of-pakistan https://doi.org/10.31703/gmcr.2020(V-III).09 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Mass Communication Review Volume 5, Issue 3 Pakistan

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The Use of Symbols (Emoticons) in Social Media: A Shift of Language from Words to Symbols Liaqat Iqbal Farhad Safi Irfan Ullah Emojis use Communication Context Emoticons Symbols University Students Emojis is the fast-growing language in the world, attracting viewers and has a great impact on their minds. This research aims at exploring how the use of emoticons leads to the emergence of a new universal language preferred by youth, thus, inviting a shift from words to other symbols. This study is proceeding from a quantitative survey analysis of the international students at Eastern Mediterranean University, North Cyprus. A questionnaire was designed to conduct a survey and to collect data for this study. The relationship is measured by using a statistical correlation test. For the sample, 100 hundred students from different departments of the university were randomly selected. A proportionate sampling method of sampling technique was used to collect the data. It was found that social media has provided a platform for the use of emojis that not only makes communication easy and more user friendly but also adds to understanding in different age groups. Humanity Publications Assistant Professor, Department of English, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, KP, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Department of Journalism and Mass Communication, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, KP, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Department of English, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, KP, Pakistan. 2020-09-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gmcrjournal.com/article/the-use-of-symbols-emoticons-in-social-media-a-shift-of-language-from-words-to-symbols https://doi.org/10.31703/gmcr.2020(V-III).10 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Mass Communication Review Volume 5, Issue 3 Pakistan

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Effects of Turkish Dramas on the Youth of South Punjab Muhammad Rehan Zubair Shafiq Turkish Dramas Pakistani Dramas Youth South Punjab Drama Effects Dramas have played a vital role in terms of building stereotypical images of the roles different individuals have in society. These stereotypes often have a direct impact on society as individuals see through these images while deciding the good and bad of the society. In a recent development, Turkish dramas have gained huge popularity as an alternative medium of entrainment in Pakistan. However, very few studies have focused on the impact of Turkish dramas on Pakistani youth. The current study aims to bridge that gap. The study is quantitative in nature. The results reveal that the contents in those dramas are not Islamic; instead, they are based on Western culture. Moreover, these western cultural values are creating a negative impact on the youth of Punjab. Considering the imagery shown in Turkish Dramas as 'Islamic', the youth seem to be more influenced by these contents compared to other drama industries. Humanity Publications Ph.D. Scholar, Department of Media Studies, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Punjab, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Department of Media Studies, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Punjab, Pakistan. 2020-09-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gmcrjournal.com/article/effects-of-turkish-dramas-on-the-youth-of-south-punjab https://doi.org/10.31703/gmcr.2020(V-III).11 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Mass Communication Review Volume 5, Issue 3 Pakistan

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Projection of Blasphemy Cases in Pakistani Media Aemen Khalid Muhammad Arif Saeed Mian Saeed Ahmad Blasphemy Role of Media Legislation The allegation of blasphemy in our society faces violent reactions by the masses and it is generally due to a lack of knowledge about legislation concerning blasphemy in the country. In Pakistan since the introduction of blasphemy law in the country from 1986 to 2010, over 1274 individuals were charged with blasphemy allegation and alarmingly over 51 were killed either before the completion of their trial or pronouncement of conviction. This study explores the role of media in blasphemy cases in Pakistan. Researcher has used the triangulation method. The researcher analyzes the content of two mainstream newspapers using the content analysis technique. For this purpose, 100 faculty members and students of mass media from different universities of Lahore were approached. Result reveals that value relation is significant for creating awareness in people who are exposed to media for more time. Result shows that more than 50% of respondents think that media fails to perform its duty as a watchdog of society. The relation between exposure to media and level of educating people on legislation is also significant. Humanity Publications Assistant Professor, Department of Mass Communication, Lahore Garrison University Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. Lecturer, Department of Law, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Punjab, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Department of Pakistan Studies, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Punjab, Pakistan. 2020-09-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gmcrjournal.com/article/projection-of-blasphemy-cases-in-pakistani-media https://doi.org/10.31703/gmcr.2020(V-III).12 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Mass Communication Review Volume 5, Issue 3 Pakistan

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Propaganda and Lobbying against the Future Prospect of Pakistan: Causes, effects and its Implications Shabnam Gul Muhammad Faizan Asghar Poshmala Nadeem Propaganda Lobbying Implications Conflict The concept of propaganda and lobbying is not new to researchers. Historically, propaganda was used by many states to manipulate policies in their own favors and to oppose the other states. During WW1, WW2 and the Cold war, media was used as a propaganda tool to demoralize opponents. Gradually lobbying was initiated as foreign policy tools. Like Israel, Saudi Arabia and Russia was the most powerful lobbyist in the USA. Indian lobbyist started an anti-Pakistan campaign in the USA based on rivalry since the creation of Pakistan. This is true focuses on destabilization of the US-Pakistan relationship and to weaken the strong lobbyism between the US and Pakistan. Humanity Publications In-charge, Department of International Relations, Lahore College for Women University, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. M. Phil Peace and Counter Terrorism Studies, Minhaj University Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. MS Peace and Conflict, National University of Sciences & Technology, Islamabad, Pakistan. 2020-09-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gmcrjournal.com/article/propaganda-and-lobbying-against-the-future-prospect-of-pakistan-causes-effects-and-its-implications https://doi.org/10.31703/gmcr.2020(V-III).13 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Mass Communication Review Volume 5, Issue 3 Pakistan

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Teachers' Perceptions about the Use of Information Communication Technologies (ICTs) in Second Language Learning at Higher Secondary Level Rehan Muhammad Shahid Nawaz Muhammad Hammad Hussain Shah Land Reforms; Goals; Land Reforms Measures; Land Distribution; South Africa and Zimbabwe. This research is aimed at investigating the perceptions of English language teachers pertaining to the use of Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) in second language learning. The availability of ICT resources in institutions and their application by the teachers in English Language Teaching (ELT) class was also kept infocus in this study. The use of technology has undoubtedly brought favourable results in our life. It speeds up the transfer of information and permits faster processes as well as provides a pleasant learning atmosphere. This study was carried out at a higher secondary level comprising 60 respondents from public and private institutions in the city of Multan (Punjab), Pakistan. The measurement tool questionnaire was employed for the collection of data. The development of the questionnaire was done by the researchers according to the teaching level and background of the respondents. The collected data were analyzed using SPSS. The results showed that ICT and its use in L2 learning are beneficial and may prove to be an aid in the results. It was also explored that a fully dedicated ICT apparatus is required for English language teaching and learning in educational institutions. Moreover, the training of teaching faculty in educational institutions is needed for the better application of ICTs in language teaching. Humanity Publications Lecturer, Department of English, Emerson University Multan, Punjab, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Department of English Linguistics, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Punjab, Pakistan. PhD Scholar in English Linguistics, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Punjab, Pakistan. 2020-09-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gmcrjournal.com/article/teachers-perceptions-about-the-use-of-information-communication-technologies-icts-in-second-language-learning-at-higher-secondary-level https://doi.org/10.31703/gmcr.2020(V-III).14 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Mass Communication Review Volume 5, Issue 3 Pakistan

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Impact of English Language on Career Opportunities in the Private Sector of Pakistan: A Case Study of Jazz Digital House Multan Rana Imran Ali Muhammad Shah Nawaz Muhammad Imran Career Opportunities Language Skills Working Environment Jazz Digital House The present study investigated the impact of English language on career opportunities of employees of Jazz Digital House Multan Pakistan,working in various domains. A quantitative approach was applied to obtain the employees' perceptions as an individual's perspective. Data were collected through a four-point Likert scale questionnaire from 111 Jazz employees. A survey form was circulated through Google form, and the respondents' responses were collected online. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used to analyze the respondents' responses. The results revealed that the English language skills of hiring candidates make an impact on the interviewers' committee, mandatory for finding a suitable candidate for the employer. The results also showed that English language skills increase the chances of one's career success, break the barriers for jobseekers to find good jobs, and have a very significant impact on career-boosting opportunities in the private sector. Inferential statistics results showed that there is no significant variance at gender level in scores on English language impact on career opportunities. It is recommended that there must be training sessions for the new employees to enhance their English language skills like these (skills) play a significant role to the working environment. Humanity Publications Lecturer, Faculty of English, Department of English, Virtual University of Pakistan, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. Student of Virtual University of Pakistan, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. Schools of Foreign Languages, Shanghai University, China. 2020-09-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gmcrjournal.com/article/impact-of-english-language-on-career-opportunities-in-the-private-sector-of-pakistan-a-case-study-of-jazz-digital-house-multan https://doi.org/10.31703/gmcr.2020(V-III).15 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Mass Communication Review Volume 5, Issue 3 Pakistan

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Thematic Analysis of the Editorials of Pakistani Print Media during the General Election, 2018 Riaz Ahmad Bin Yamin Khan Widad Mustafa El Hadi Media Framing; Political Communication Election Campaigns Print Media Newspapers Print media has been a major source of information for people across the globe. It has played a vital role in every field of life by highlighting issues and promoting positive images. Likewise, its role in the elections cannot be ignored. The current study investigates the topic of discussion in the editorials. Public issues were discussed, the frequency of supported political parties and the differences in the editorials among the newspapers during the general election 2018. The data analysis revealed marginalized importance of public issues for the editorial writers. The analysis also indicated a strong heedlessness towards public issues and welfare. Thus, it is concluded that both priming and framing of international issues are overemphasizes the financial situation. Theeditorials have been found focused on Pakistan Tehreek-Insaf and Pakistan Muslim League (N) while, public issues such as poverty, childlabour, education, and others remained highly underrepresented Humanity Publications PhD Scholar of Information and Communication Sciences, UniversitÃƒÂ© de Lille, France. Lecture at Department of Communication and Media Studies, Hazara University Mansehra, KP, Pakistan. Professor of Information and Communication Sciences, UniversitÃƒÂ© de Lille, France. 2020-09-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gmcrjournal.com/article/thematic-analysis-of-the-editorials-of-pakistani-print-media-during-the-general-election-2018 https://doi.org/10.31703/gmcr.2020(V-III).16 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Mass Communication Review Volume 5, Issue 3 Pakistan

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Role of Animated vs Oral Mother Goose Songs in Language Acquisition of Pre-School Kids Maira Qaddos Noshina Saleem Maham Zahid Khan Oral Mother Goose Songs Animated Mother Goose Songs Language Acquisition Phonological Awareness Vocabulary Speaking Skills The study is an attempt to explore the difference between the impact of oral mother goose songs (OMGS) and animated mother goose songs (AMGS) in language acquisition of pre-school kids. Two focus groups of fifteen mothers of pre-school kids in each are formed. Mothers of the focus group (oral) were advised to sing OMGS for their kids and mothers of the focus group (animated) were asked to show AMGS to their kids. The study concludes that role of OMGS is negative and AMGS is positive in terms of creating phonological awareness. OMGS and AMGS can both play a positive role in enriching the vocabulary of pre-school kids if screen time is limited, and parental monitoring is ensured. However, the role of OMGS is positive, and AMGS is negative in enhancing the speaking skills of pre-school kids. Humanity Publications Lecturer, National University of Modern Languages, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. Director, Institute of communication Studies, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. Lecturer, National University of Modern Languages, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. Text Article application/pdf https://gmcrjournal.com/article/role-of-animated-vs-oral-mother-goose-songs-in-language-acquisition-of-preschool-kids https://doi.org/10.31703/gmcr.2020(V-IV).01 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Mass Communication Review Volume 5, Issue 4 Pakistan

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Modality in Pakistani and British Media Discourse: A Corpus-Assisted Study of Editorials in Dawn and the Guardian Arshad Ali Athar Rashid Shahid Abbas Modality Editorials Corpus Assisted Study Dawn Guardian Modal verbs are used to construe an important grammatical expression called modality, which has its various shades in almost every newspaper. Modality is considered of extreme importance in media discourse. This paper presents the comparative study of modal verbs in Dawn, an English Pakistani newspaper, and Guardian, a British English newspaper. For this investigation, a corpus was designed using an equal number of editorials from both the newspapers and the analysis was carried out using Antconc, a corpus tool. The analysis revealed that Guardian editorial writers use a greater number of predictive modal verbs like will and would. On the other hand, Dawn editorial writers use a greater number of obligatory modal verbs like must and should. Also, the editorial writers of Dawn use a higher number of modal verbs like may and might to express possibility and ability. Humanity Publications Assistant Professor, Department of English, National University of Modern Languages, Islamabad, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Department of Governance & Public Policy, National University of Modern Languages, Islamabad, Pakistan. Lecturer, Department of English, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, Punjab, Pakistan. Text Article application/pdf https://gmcrjournal.com/article/modality-in-pakistani-and-british-media-discourse-a-corpusassisted-study-of-editorials-in-dawn-and-the-guardian https://doi.org/10.31703/gmcr.2020(V-IV).02 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Mass Communication Review Volume 5, Issue 4 Pakistan

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A Narrative Analysis of Political Satire on Pakistani Electronic Media Qaisar Khan Syed Inam ur Rahman Fatima Anayat Satire Positive/Negative Coverage Opinion Building Ethics Voting Behaviour This paper aims to investigate how the Satire programs Hasb-e-Haal (Statusquo, 2009), and KhabarDar (vigilant, 2017) produced and aired on private Pakistan Television channels influenced and formed a perception of the viewers about political issues persisted at that historical moment of time. With the comedic revelations of politicians' immoral behavior and corruption, this paper unfolds the unethical attitude of the journalists and the TV channels that lean towards political parties for their personal interests. It was found that the Express-News' Khabardar has friendly coverage towards PTI and its personalities and antagonistic towards PML-N and its political figures. Dunya News' Hasb-e-Hall coverage is opposite to the former. The performers posed as politicians use derogatory language to the opponents. A cynical comedy about political personalities plays a major role in opinion building and changing the political attitude of the masses and thus influence their voting behavior. Humanity Publications Senior Assistant Professor, Department of Meeida Studies, Bahria University, Islamabad, Pakistan. Assistant Professor/Incharge, Media & Development, International Islamic niversity, Islamabad, Pakistan. MS Research Scholar, Department of Media and Communication Studies, Bahria University, Islamabad, Pakistan. Text Article application/pdf https://gmcrjournal.com/article/a-narrative-analysis-of-political-satire-on-pakistani-electronic-media https://doi.org/10.31703/gmcr.2020(V-IV).03 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Mass Communication Review Volume 5, Issue 4 Pakistan

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Media Health Campaigns in Pakistan: KAP Study of HIV/AIDS in Punjab Irem Sultana Ifra Iftikhar Qamar Abid Hussain Health campaign KAP study HIV/AIDS Punjab Pakistan Survey Demography UBP The objective of this research is to investigate the effects of media health campaigns on the people of Punjab province in terms of knowledge, attitude and practice regarding HIV/AIDS. Data was collected through convenient sampling procedure from 500 respondents of age 18 to 57 of 35 different districts of Punjab province. The results confirmed that TV particularly and media, generally is the main source for health information in both urban and rural areas. It is also proved people had more accurate knowledge about HIV/AIDS who got information from media other than who used other sources. To some extent, change in attitude was observed regarding HIV/AIDS. The findings discovered that people had lesser practice ratio other than knowledge and attitude change. Education and income of respondent do not make any difference regarding media health campaigns on their knowledge, on change of attitude and their practices. Humanity Publications Assistant Professor, Department of Mass Communication, Government College University, Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan. Associate Professor, Department of Mass Communication, Lahore Garrison University, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. Ph.D in Pakistan Studies, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Punjab, Pakistan. Text Article application/pdf https://gmcrjournal.com/article/media-health-campaigns-in-pakistan-kap-study-of-hivaids-in-punjab https://doi.org/10.31703/gmcr.2020(V-IV).04 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Mass Communication Review Volume 5, Issue 4 Pakistan

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Consumption of Social Media and Academic Performance: A Cross-Sectional Survey of Perception of Students in KP universities Syed Inam Ur Rehman Hafiz Safi Ullah Adiba Akhtar SNS Academic Performance CMC GPA In the world changing into a digital global village, social networking technology has played a vital role compare to other internet tools. This study conducted through a cross-sectional survey on the students' perceptions about their use of social networking sites and their influence on their academic performance. The researcher gathered data from the students of Gomal and Quratba University in D.I.Khan and used the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) (Pearson's correlation coefficient test) to analyze the data and infer findings and draw a conclusion. The study found that computer-mediated communication through social media sites, the GPA of male students is more affected than those of female students and H1 of the study accepted. And it is also found that H2 of the study that social media use in 2nd semester and their GPA of age group 20 and less than 25, that there is a significant relationship between the GPA and 2nd-semester use of SNS as indicated. This Null Hypothesis of the study was rejected. Humanity Publications Assistant Professor, International Islamic University, Islamabad, Pakistan. Researcher, MS Education, International Islamic University, Islamabad, Pakistan. Lecturer, Department of Mass Communication, National University of Modern Languages, Islamabad. Text Article application/pdf https://gmcrjournal.com/article/consumption-of-social-media-and-academic-performance-a-crosssectional-survey-of-perception-of-students-in-kp-universities https://doi.org/10.31703/gmcr.2020(V-IV).05 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Mass Communication Review Volume 5, Issue 4 Pakistan

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A Critical Review of Hybrid Warfare: Challenges to Pakistan Muhammad Waqas Haider Tahir Mahmood Azad Haseeb Ur Rehman Warrich Hybrid Warfare Pakistan Challenges Global Terrorism. This research paper analyses the dynamics of Hybrid Warfare to envisage its impact upon peace and conflict situation in Pakistan. The research explores how different domains of society have been affected by the application of Hybrid Warfare. Furthermore, the research focuses on the existing and future challenges being faced by Pakistan in the domain of Hybrid Warfare. The term Hybrid warfare has become the modern buzz-word among various circles, including media, academicians, and policy-making spheres. However, there is hardly any agreement on what this concept encompasses. Nonetheless, the widespread usage of the notion in numerous circles proposes that a novel form of warfare has emerged. This research argues that Pakistan is facing multi-dimensional and multidirectional challenges where the dominant threat stems from Eastern neighbour, but the involvement of other state and non-actors further complicates the situation. Humanity Publications MA Conflict Resolution and Peace Studies, Lancaster University, United Kingdom Visiting Research Fellow, Centre for Science & Security Studies (CSSS), War Studies Department, King's College London. Associate Professor, Department of Arts & Media, Foundation University Islamabad, Pakistan. Text Article application/pdf https://gmcrjournal.com/article/a-critical-review-of-hybrid-warfare-challenges-to-pakistan https://doi.org/10.31703/gmcr.2020(V-IV).06 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Mass Communication Review Volume 5, Issue 4 Pakistan

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Representation of China-Pakistan Economic Corridor in Pakistani English Newspapers A Content Analysis of Dawn, Frontier Post, and The Nation Lubna Shaheen Sajida Awais Zaeem Yasin Representation economic corridor coverage. The study is to analyze the representation of the China-Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC) in Pakistani leading English newspapers. The study attempts to view the stance of the newspaper regarding the project and compares its coverage in its news items and editorials. Content analysis of Dawn, Frontier Post, and Nation was conducted. Moreover, researchers also observe the most highlighted issues associated with this project. The theory of Agenda Setting and Framing was considered. Hence, the study reveals that Frontier Post is one of the newspapers that gave maximum coverage to the issue in its news items and editorials. However, Dawn newspaper represents the issue with maximum frequency under the positive category and Frontier Post under the negative category. It is concluded that most highlighted issues mentioned in the news items and editorials are the issue of transparency concerning the objection from the side of the opposition party and fear of Baloch nationalist. Humanity Publications Assistant Professor, Institute of Communication Studies, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. Research Officer, Institute of Communication Studies, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Department of Mass Communication, Lahore College for Women University, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. Text Article application/pdf https://gmcrjournal.com/article/representation-of-chinapakistan-economic-corridor-in-pakistani-english-newspapers-a-content-analysis-of-dawn-frontier-post-and-the-nation https://doi.org/10.31703/gmcr.2020(V-IV).07 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Mass Communication Review Volume 5, Issue 4 Pakistan

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Impact of Social Media on Students Cyberbullying Perspective Rooh Ul Amin Khan Muhammad Asim Jamaluddin Cyberbullying University Students Social Media Social media is one of the modern-day technologies as it has completely changed the life of a common man. Social media has brought a revolution in society, but it has developed some negative impacts and crime in society. Cyberbullying is one of the threatening crime in modern-day technology. It has the worst impact on our society. The government has made some serious regulation regarding Cyberbullying, but society needs to understand that what exactly Cyberbullying means, how it affects the mental health of the students and what is the main reason behind Cyberbullying in our society. The research study will try to figure out that in what way the university students get targeted by Cyberbullying, what are the negative impacts on the mental health of the students. The research study will find out that how students get targeted on social media. The research study will also show how Cyberbullying has a negative impact on the aim of university students. Humanity Publications Assistant Professor, International Islamic University Islamabad, Pakistan. BS, Department of Media and Communication Studies, International Islamic University Islamabad, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Department of Journalism and Mass Communication, University of Swat Mingora, Swat, KP, Pakistan. Text Article application/pdf https://gmcrjournal.com/article/impact-of-social-media-on-students-cyberbullying-perspective https://doi.org/10.31703/gmcr.2020(V-IV).08 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Mass Communication Review Volume 5, Issue 4 Pakistan

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Relationship between Social Factors and Students' Self-Efficacy in Choosing Media Studies: A Case Study of Female Students Shahid Hussain Farrukh Shahzad Saleha Sadaf Career Opportunities Students Self-Efficacy Social Factors Peer Group Parental Attachment This research study aimed to explore how social factors influence and motivate female admission seekers in media studies. Additionally, the study has been conducted to investigate the factors that female admission seekers perceived to be important while choosing their career in media studies. The survey-based on 300 female students of 18 to 38 years of age enrolled in various colleges and universities of Rawalpindi. The study used a quantitative method for data collection, data analysis and presentation of results. The Pearson correlation reveals that social factors influence and motivate admission seekers in media studies. Furthermore, the correlation indicated that there is a strong influence of parents' support, peer group and role models on students' career choices. The influence of Role models on student's selfefficacy has been found as the most influential social factor which shape and help in career selection as compared to Peer Group and Parents and Family Support. Humanity Publications Assistant Professor, Department of Mass Communication, Allama Iqbal Open University, Islamabad, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Department of Media Studies, Bahria University, Islamabad, Pakistan. Department of Mass Communication, Allama Iqbal Open University, Islamabad, Pakistan. Text Article application/pdf https://gmcrjournal.com/article/relationship-between-social-factors-and-students-selfefficacy-in-choosing-media-studies-a-case-study-of-female-students https://doi.org/10.31703/gmcr.2020(V-IV).09 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Mass Communication Review Volume 5, Issue 4 Pakistan

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Confrontations and Limitations on the Freedom of Expression in Pakistan Jawwad Riaz Zakia Suleman Zaheer Iqbal Cheema Article 19 Constitution of Pakistan Freedom of Expression Pakistan Right to Free Speech Limitations on the Freedom of Speech Restrictions on the Freedom of Expression The significance of the right to free speech is evident from the fact that the societies that curb and limit the freedom of expression are more prone to crimes and incidents of torture, ill-treatment and disappearances. Almost every state has imposed restrictions on the right to free speech on account of national security, defamation, religious hatred, extremism or radicalism. This article starts with the general discussion on the topic of free speech under the Pakistani laws and current regime. It examines the limitations on the freedom of speech under judicial interpretations. The article explores the confrontations in the context of defamation, blasphemy laws and contempt of court in Pakistan. It concludes that the limitations and restrictions imposed on the right to free speech must be clearly defined and reasonable. Humanity Publications University Law College, PU, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. Advocate High Court, Pakistan. University Law College, PU, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. Text Article application/pdf https://gmcrjournal.com/article/confrontations-and-limitations-on-the-freedom-of-expression-in-pakistan https://doi.org/10.31703/gmcr.2020(V-IV).10 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Mass Communication Review Volume 5, Issue 4 Pakistan

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Usage of Social Media Applications and Social Interaction Patterns among Teenagers Abdul Rehman Qaisar Maryam Shahid Sajjad Ali Social media applications Social Interaction Patterns Teenagers Uses and Gratification Theory and Media Dependency Theory The present finding aimed at studying "Usage of Social Media Applications and Social Interaction Patterns among Teenagers". Keeping in view the major concepts of the study, Uses and Gratification theory and Dependency theory is applied. In the current study, data were collected from the students of schools and colleges through the survey research method. A well-designed questionnaire is used for data collection. A purposive convenient sampling technique is used. A sample of 400 students is selected. The analysis of findings reveals that teenagers more frequently use WhatsApp (81%). Teenagers like Education-related content on social media applications (66%). The findings also reveal that teenagers agree that the use of social media applications has reduced Indoor Activities (79%). A correlation test is applied. The hypothesis of the study is that there is a negative relationship between times of using social media applications with content liking on social media applications. Times of using social media applications are negatively correlated with the reduction of Indoor Activities, Offline Friendship, Outdoor Activities and Sports. Humanity Publications Assistant Professor, Department of Communication and Media Studies, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, Punjab, Pakistan. Phil Scholar, Department of Mass Communication, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, Punjab, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Department of Journalism and Mass Communication, University of Malakand, Chakdara, KP, Pakistan. Text Article application/pdf https://gmcrjournal.com/article/usage-of-social-media-applications-and-social-interaction-patterns-among-teenagers https://doi.org/10.31703/gmcr.2020(V-IV).11 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Mass Communication Review Volume 5, Issue 4 Pakistan

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Digital Revolution and its Impact on Working Women of Pakistan Shazia Ismail Toor Savera Shami Yasir Chughtai Cultural Change Digital revolution Everyday life Online Services Pakistani Women Social Media Working Women In this era of advancement and digitalization, active use of social media and online services has become an integral part of life. Today, educated working women of Pakistan use Facebook, Twitter, WhatsApp, YouTube, Uber, Daraz, Foodpanda, Tinder and many other applications and online services without any social hurdle. Online socialization has opened up some new financial and social opportunities for working women in Pakistan, making them more confident and independent than in the past. This study is an effort to examine the changes brought by the digital revolution in the lives of working women of Pakistan and to highlight its impact. Under the umbrella of uses and gratification theory and using in-depth interview method, findings indicate that using different digital platforms has become the personal and professional need of working women in Pakistan, and this digitalization has entirely changed their everyday routine. Humanity Publications Assistant Professor, Institute of Communication Studies, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. Associate Professor, Institute of Communication Studies, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. Institute of Communication Studies, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. Text Article application/pdf https://gmcrjournal.com/article/digital-revolution-and-its-impact-on-working-women-of-pakistan https://doi.org/10.31703/gmcr.2020(V-IV).12 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Mass Communication Review Volume 5, Issue 4 Pakistan

oai:gmcrjournal.com:393328 gmcr

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Pakistan as Frontline State in War on Terror: Framing Analysis of the New York Times Javed Ahmed Khattak Manzoor Khan Afridi Shabbir Hussain Pakistan US Afghanistan Taliban Bin Laden War on Terror Media Framing New York Times In 2001, the world witnessed the historical event of 9/11. For Counter terrorism, Pakistan fully supports the US after the incident of 9/11. Previous research studies have shown that most events in favor of US Policies portrayed by Western media, mostly the US media. They highlighted the perspective of the US government, war justifications and planned military campaign, while the implications of the war on terror were given a small amount of attention. This research, therefore, focuses on the analysis of the role of Pakistan in the war against terror by British and US newspapers and how the international media framed Pakistan's image. This research study is carried out to evaluate the role of international media, particularly the print media played during the war on terror from 2011 to 2015. It applies the content method to obtain the result. The editorials were retrieved using Lexis Nexis. Humanity Publications PHD Scholar, International Islamic University Islamabad, Pakistan. HOD, Department of IR, International Islamic University Islamabad, Pakistan. Dept. of Media Studies, Bahria University Islamabad, Pakistan. Text Article application/pdf https://gmcrjournal.com/article/pakistan-as-frontline-state-in-war-on-terror-framing-analysis-of-the-new-york-times https://doi.org/10.31703/gmcr.2020(V-IV).13 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Mass Communication Review Volume 5, Issue 4 Pakistan

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Securitization of Islam and Muslims Through Social Media: A Content Analysis of Stopislam in Twitter Raja Arslan Ahmad Khan Mudassar Hussain Shah Noor ul Bashar Ahmad Islam Muslims Securitization Islamophobia Twitter Anti Islam Anti Muslims Social Media The main objective of this paper is to examine the securitization of Islam and Muslims on Twitter. Therefore, whether and to what extent securitized images of Islam and Muslims have been produced on Twitter and to analyze the dominant securitized themes and their sub-dimensions. The methodology used for this purpose consisted of quantitative and qualitative analysis and analyzed hashtags #stopislam trending on Twitter. It was found that #stopislam produced securitized images of Islam and Muslims. Totalitarianism as a sub-dimension of ideological threat in the context of Securitization of Islam is dominating than Sharia Law and Jihadism while no evidence has been found in Whahabism Category. Similarly, in the existential threat category in the securitization of Muslims sub-dimension, general Muslims are dominating than Women's, immigrants and refugees on #stopislam. #stopislm produced less neutral and favoring Muslims Tweets evident that hashtag produced securitized images of Islam and Muslims. Humanity Publications MS, Department of Media and Communication studies, International Islamic University, Islamabad, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Department of Communication and Media Studies, University of Sargodha, Punjab, Pakistan. MS Scholar, Department of Media and Communication studies, International Islamic University, Islamabad, Pakistan. Text Article application/pdf https://gmcrjournal.com/article/securitization-of-islam-and-muslims-through-social-media-a-content-analysis-of-stopislam-in-twitter https://doi.org/10.31703/gmcr.2020(V-IV).14 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Mass Communication Review Volume 5, Issue 4 Pakistan

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Covering China - Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC): How Ã¢Â€Â˜The News' and 'People's Daily' Develop Social Media Discourse Since Its' Inception Mudassar Hussain Shah Sadaf Asif Raja Arslan Ahmad Khan China- Pakistan Economic Corridor Framing Treatment The New The present study explores how 'CPEC' is covered and treated by the two eminent English newspapers The News (Pakistani Newspaper) and the People's daily (Chinese Newspaper) through their Facebook's official pages through the keyword search âÂ€ÂœChina âÂ€Â“ Pakistan Economic CorridorâÂ€Â from the year 2015-19. The broader aspects, categories are formed; as development, economy, political, social, strategic and other, examined the treatment on their frequency and semantic network analysis on positive, negative and neutral frames through coding sheet. For this purpose, the quantitative content analysis is conducted to examine that how 'CPEC' is covered, framed and treated by the said newspaper at their official Facebook pages. The findings of the study reveal that 'China âÂ€Â“ Pakistan Economic Corridor' is projected significantly more strategic than economic on the posts appeared on the Chinese and Pakistani newspaper. The coverage appeared on The News is varied from positive, neutral and negative. Humanity Publications Assistant Professor, Department of Communication and Media Studies, University of Sargodha, Punjab, Pakistan. Lecturer, Department of Mass Communication, National University of Modern Languages Islamabad, Pakistan. MS, Department of Media and Communication Studies, International Islamic University, Islamabad, Pakistan. Text Article application/pdf https://gmcrjournal.com/article/covering-china-pakistan-economic-corridor-cpec-how- https://doi.org/10.31703/gmcr.2020(V-IV).15 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Mass Communication Review Volume 5, Issue 4 Pakistan

oai:gmcrjournal.com:393332 gmcr

Covering China - Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC): How 'The News' and 'People's Daily' Develop Social Media Discourse Since Its' Inception Mudassar Hussain Shah Sadaf Asif Raja Arslan Ahmad Khan China- Pakistan Economic Corridor Framing Treatment The New The present study explores how 'CPEC' is covered and treated by the two eminent English newspapers The News (Pakistani Newspaper) and the People's daily (Chinese Newspaper) through their Facebook's official pages through the keyword search "China - Pakistan Economic Corridor" from the year 2015-19. The broader aspects, categories are formed; as development, economy, political, social, strategic and other, examined the treatment on their frequency and semantic network analysis on positive, negative and neutral frames through coding sheet. For this purpose, the quantitative content analysis is conducted to examine that how 'CPEC' is covered, framed and treated by the said newspaper at their official Facebook pages. The findings of the study reveal that 'China - Pakistan Economic Corridor' is projected significantly more strategic than economic on the posts appeared on the Chinese and Pakistani newspaper. The coverage appeared on The News is varied from positive, neutral and negative. Humanity Publications Assistant Professor, Department of Communication and Media Studies, University of Sargodha, Punjab, Pakistan. Lecturer, Department of Mass Communication, National University of Modern Languages Islamabad, Pakistan. MS, Department of Media and Communication Studies, International Islamic University, Islamabad, Pakistan. Text Article application/pdf https://gmcrjournal.com/article/covering-china-pakistan-economic-corridor-cpec-how-the-news-and-peoples-daily-develop-social-media-discourse-since-its-inception- https://doi.org/10.31703/gmcr.2020(V-IV).15 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Mass Communication Review Volume 5, Issue 4 Pakistan

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Freedom of Expression in Digital Age: An Analysis of Twitter in Context of Pak-China Relationship Nadia Saleem Farasat Rasool Freedom of Expression Twitter Digital Age Pak-China Speech Act Analysis This article is aimed to provide an analysis regarding the freedom of expression on Twitter in the digital age. Freedom of expression in the digital age is the capability of an individual through which they are able to express their beliefs, thoughts, ideas and emotions on various issues via different social media platforms that are free from governmental censorship. These freedoms play a significant role, as now, each individual can have his/her own perspectives and school of thoughts; and can live his/her life as per own choice. The present study is a discourse analysis of the Pak-China relations debate as top trend hashtags on Twitter in 2020. The data was collected through Mozdeh Big Data Software. The top twenty tweets with the highest likes in seven trending hashtags have been studied as per Searle's Speech Act Analysis. The study shows that how Twitter as a social media platform provides a forum of free debate for everyone. Humanity Publications PhD Scholar, Department of Mass Communication, School of Media and Mass Communication, Beaconhouse National University, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, School of Media and Mass Communication, Beaconhouse National University, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. Text Article application/pdf https://gmcrjournal.com/article/freedom-of-expression-in-digital-age-an-analysis-of-twitter-in-context-of-pakchina-relationship https://doi.org/10.31703/gmcr.2020(V-IV).16 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Mass Communication Review Volume 5, Issue 4 Pakistan

oai:gmcrjournal.com:393334 2021-03-30 gmcr

Effects of Horror Movies on Psychological Health of Youth Irem Sultana Arshad Ali Ifra Iftikhar Psychological Health Youth Post Traumatic Stress Disorder Horror Movies Anxiety Fear Stress The current study is an explanatory study on the effects of watching horror movies on the psychological health of teenagers in the city area of Faisalabad. Researchers tried to explain the mental health and psychological problems like phobias, nightmares, sleep disorder, harsh behavior etc., in teenagers and their preferences of movies watching. The study explains that the majority of teenagers are used to watching movies, and they prefer Horror and Action movies via the internet, and these movies are affecting their psychological health. They choose films to watch for entertainment, but such kind of enjoyment has deep down affected their brains and social behaviors. Responses were collected through a survey questionnaire. Humanity Publications Assistant Professor, Department of Mass Communication, Government College University, Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Center for Media and Communication Studies, University of Gujrat, Gujrat, Punjab, Pakistan. Associate Professor, Lahore Garrison University, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. 2021-03-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gmcrjournal.com/article/effects-of-horror-movies-on-psychological-health-of-youth https://doi.org/10.31703/gmcr.2021(VI-I).01 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Mass Communication Review Volume 6, Issue 1 Pakistan

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Media as an Instrument of Hybrid Warfare: A Case Study of Pakistan Haseeb Ur Rehman Warrich Muhammad Waqas Haider Tahir Mahmood Azad Hybrid Warfare Media Social Media Perception Pakistan This paper aims to analyze the role of media as an instrument of Hybrid warfare to shape public opinion and to see its impact on different organs of state. 21st Century dawned alongside an emerging form of warfare called Hybrid Warfare, one which in its nature and character is remarkably diverse and whose scope extends beyond conventional elements of war, that is to say, domain, adversary, objective, and force. Modern wars, owing to asymmetric lines of conflict, are difficult to be categorized as conventional or counterinsurgency and are in stark contrast to traditional models of war and peace. Given the multifaceted dimensions of this new concept of waging war, it is significant to evaluate its contours and grasp an understanding of its nature and instruments. Does the paper evaluate how it can play a pivotal role to mitigate existing and future challenges being faced by Pakistan in the domain of Hybrid Warfare? Humanity Publications Associate Professor, Department of Arts & Media, Foundation University Islamabad, Pakistan. MA Conflict Resolution and Peace Studies, Lancaster University, United Kingdom. Visiting Research Fellow, Centre for Science & Security Studies (CSSS), War Studies Department, King's College London. 2021-03-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gmcrjournal.com/article/media-as-an-instrument-of-hybrid-warfare-a-case-study-of-pakistan https://doi.org/10.31703/gmcr.2021(VI-I).02 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Mass Communication Review Volume 6, Issue 1 Pakistan

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Social Responsibility of Media in Pakistan: Exploring the Audience Perception Shahid Hussain Qasim Shukkar Farrukh Shahzad Social Responsibility Media Outlets PEMRA Media Ethics Sensationalism Political Economy of Media Media has some fundamental regulations, laws and ethics along with social responsibility to ensure the privacy of the public. Pakistani media is usually considered to be lacking in abiding by such responsibilities. This article aims to investigate that to what extent Pakistani media is socially responsible. It further explores audience perception regarding the erosion of culture through inappropriate foreign media content on Pakistani media. Data has been collected with the help of a questionnaire from 324 respondents. Results show that public perception regarding the social responsibility of media is different for different outlets. Television is considered more socially responsible for female respondents. Respondents (at home) and (graduated) believe that television is much socially responsible than radio, newspaper and magazines. However, television is considered the most harmful media regarding inappropriate foreign content. Respondents above fifty years of age, government employees and highly educated believed that television compromises social responsibility higher than other media. Humanity Publications Assistant Professor, Department of Mass Communication, Allama Iqbal Open University, Islamabad, Pakistan. Department of Media Studies, Bahria University, Islamabad, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Department of Media Studies, Bahria University, Islamabad, Pakistan. 2021-03-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gmcrjournal.com/article/social-responsibility-of-media-in-pakistan-exploring-the-audience-perception https://doi.org/10.31703/gmcr.2021(VI-I).03 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Mass Communication Review Volume 6, Issue 1 Pakistan

oai:gmcrjournal.com:393337 2021-03-30 gmcr

Digital Ascendancy and Madrasah Education: The Influence of Media Technology on the Life-worlds of Female Madrasah Students Muneeba Khusnood Muhammad Bilal Tasmia Jahangir Madrasah Media Islam Life-Worlds World Views Everyday Life The present research explores the phenomenological reflections on the everyday life of madrasah students to comprehend their life-worlds in the context of growing media technology in Pakistan and how religious personalities on media influence the lifeworlds of madrasah students? This ethnographic research was conducted in Ahl-e-Hadith Madrasah, located in Rawalpindi. The research design employed participant observation (PO) and in-depth interviews of madrasah students and teachers belonging to diverse socio-economic and educational backgrounds. The findings suggest that the teachings and principles of the Ahl-e-Hadith sect taught in madrasah profoundly influence the life-worlds of female madrasah students. The major areas of students' life-worlds that are influenced by madrasah discourses include sectarian associations, selection of spouse, dressing patterns, media aesthetics, the configuration of entertainment, and the influence of ulemas on students' everyday life. Humanity Publications Department of Anthropology, Fatima Jinnah Women University, Rawalpindi, Punjab, Pakistan. Head, Department of Anthropology, Fatima Jinnah Women University, Rawalpindi, Punjab, Pakistan. Lecturer, Department of Anthropology, Fatima Jinnah Women University, Rawalpindi, Punjab, Pakistan. 2021-03-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gmcrjournal.com/article/digital-ascendancy-and-madrasah-education-the-influence-of-media-technology-on-the-lifeworlds-of-female-madrasah-students https://doi.org/10.31703/gmcr.2021(VI-I).04 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Mass Communication Review Volume 6, Issue 1 Pakistan

oai:gmcrjournal.com:393338 2021-03-30 gmcr

Coverage of Political News in Tweets of International News Agencies: A Comparative Analysis of World-Systems Countries Muhammad Usman Saeed Mudassar Hussain Shah Raza Waqas Ahmad Political News Coverage News Tweets World System Theory International News Agencies This article attempts to study the flow of political news in tweets of four international news agencies: AP, AFP, Reuters and Xinhua, for 7 years from 2010 to 2016. Theoretically, the study takes its roots from the World System Theory of Immanuel Wallerstein. We used the content analysis method and examined the coverage of political news about 15 world countries (five core countries, five semi-periphery and five periphery countries) in 6746 tweets of international news agencies. We also analyzed the portrayal, retweet rate, favorite rate, and shared portrayal of world system countries. We found that there are significant differences in coverage of political news about the world countries in tweets of international news agencies. Moreover, Traditional hierarchies and structures of political news flow still exist on Twitter. Core countries are covered as well as shared more and positively as compare to the semiperiphery or periphery countries. Humanity Publications Lecturer, Department of Media and Communication, University of Management and Technology, Sialkot Campus, Punjab, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Department of Communication and Media Studies, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, Punjab, Pakistan. PhD Scholar, Department of Media and Communication Studies, International Islamic University, Islamabad, Pakistan. 2021-03-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gmcrjournal.com/article/coverage-of-political-news-in-tweets-of-international-news-agencies-a-comparative-analysis-of-worldsystems-countries https://doi.org/10.31703/gmcr.2021(VI-I).05 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Mass Communication Review Volume 6, Issue 1 Pakistan

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Printed Versus Electronic Books: Uses and Preference of Mass Media Students in Lahore Shazia Ismail Toor Ayesha Ashfaq Muqaddas Ilyas Printed Books E-books Reading Students This study is an exertion to determine the preference of university students regarding the usage of electronic books. Postulates of displacement theory were applied to find out the reasons behind students' adoption of online mode of reading and its effects on learning outcome. The study has examined that if the printed books will be totally replaced by the electronic version or not. A sample of 150 university students studying in the Mass Communication department was selected. Survey methodology was employed to find answers to the research questions. The findings of the study revealed that students preferred using electronic books to printed books. The e-books are considered cost-friendly, easy to access and portable. With the help of findings, it was concluded that e-books had become part and parcel of the life of students, but at the same time, there would be a preference for reading printed books. Humanity Publications Assistant Professor, Institute of Communication Studies, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. Associate Professor, Institute of Communication Studies, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. Institute of Communication Studies, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. 2021-03-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gmcrjournal.com/article/printed-versus-electronic-books-uses-and-preference-of-mass-media-students-in-lahore https://doi.org/10.31703/gmcr.2021(VI-I).06 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Mass Communication Review Volume 6, Issue 1 Pakistan

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Impact of Islamabad Traffic Police FM Radio in Adoption of Road Safety Measures among Drivers Shahid Hussain Wasim Iqbal Farrukh Shahzad Traffic Awareness Drivers Road Safety ITP FM Radio Islamabad Islamabad Traffic Police FM 92.4 radio station is specifically designed to create road safety awareness along with entertainment for drivers of Islamabad, the capital of Pakistan. This study is survey-based research and a short study of ITP radio traffic awareness content and popular shows. The sample size was 300 drivers of Islamabad. With the help of the purposive sampling technique, the data was collected through a structured questionnaire. The number of male drivers were more than the number of female drivers. Results show that 95.7% of respondents knew about ITP FM radio while 71.0 % agreed that ITP FM radio is their only source of information regarding traffic rules and regulations. 64.0 % of drivers tune ITP FM radio while driving to get traffic information. Car drivers were 58.7 %, and the majority of the respondents were people who had above 9 years and up to 4 hours daily driving experience. Humanity Publications Assistant Professor, Department of Mass Communication, Allama Iqbal Open University, Islamabad, Pakistan. Programme Manager, Pakistan Broadcasting Corporation, Islamabad, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Department of Media Studies, Bahria University, Islamabad, Pakistan. 2021-03-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gmcrjournal.com/article/impact-of-islamabad-traffic-police-fm-radio-in-adoption-of-road-safety-measures-among-drivers https://doi.org/10.31703/gmcr.2021(VI-I).07 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Mass Communication Review Volume 6, Issue 1 Pakistan

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Newspapers in Peril: Rationalizing the Economic Challenges of Novel Coronavirus (Covid-19) upon Regional Journalists in Hyderabad, Sindh, Pakistan Farheen Qasim Nizamani Muhammad Qasim Nizamani Sikandar Hussain Soomro Covid-19 Economic Effects Journalists Newspaper Industry Regional Newspapers Mass media play a decisive role in distributing health knowledge and awareness about health diseases. Covid-19 has been measured as the most dangerous health hazard of the 21st century that has constituted social, environmental and financial perils for humanity, including the media outlets. However, the Pakistani newspaper industry was already witnessing a decline in its readership and coronavirus has further deteriorated the situation for journalists working in regional newspapers. The methodological design using indepth interviews seeks to discover the financial difficulties faced by journalists employed in local or regional newspapers in Hyderabad city of Sindh province, Pakistan. The distress of unpaid salaries, financial security and paid leave were recognized as dominant elements that emerged during the present investigation as the extension to studies conducted concerning health communication. Therefore, this research suggests that government and business tycoons should financially collaborate with each other to consider challenges encountered by journalists for the survival of the newspaper industry in Pakistan. Humanity Publications Assistant Professor, Department of Media & Communication Studies, University of Sindh, Jamshoro, Sindh, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Department of Media & Communication Studies, University of Sindh, Jamshoro, Sindh, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Department of Economics, University of Sindh, Jamshoro, Sindh, Pakistan. 2021-03-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gmcrjournal.com/article/newspapers-in-peril-rationalizing-the-economic-challenges-of-novel-coronavirus-covid19-upon-regional-journalists-in-hyderabad-sindh-pakistan https://doi.org/10.31703/gmcr.2021(VI-I).08 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Mass Communication Review Volume 6, Issue 1 Pakistan

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Portrayal of Islam and Muslims in Western Media: A Study of Fox News Nadia Saleem Muhammad Umair Chaudhary Fiza Ashfaq Portrayal Islamophobia Stigma Labeling Western Media The study is aimed to analyze the portrayal of Islam and Muslims through the content that is being disseminated by western media all over the world. Nowadays, the perception about any nation, religion, and society is building through media perspective. Media is playing a major role to bring peace, war, and alliance among the nations of the world. The mediated propaganda by western media is leading the world towards Islamophobia. Muslims are not freely enjoying their rights in many non-Muslim societies. This study is a content analysis of "Fox News Report", "Fox News Alert" and "The Five" programs of Fox News. The data were examined to identify common terms, words, and patterns of meaning that come up repeatedly in context with Muslim's portrayal in Western media. The result shows that prejudice and prejudgment are portrayed in western media against Islam by representing it as a religion of terrorism and extremism. Humanity Publications PhD Scholar, School of Media and Mass Communication, Beaconhouse National University, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. Assistant Professor (IPFP Fellow), Department of Mass Communication, Virtual University of Pakistan, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. MSc Student, Department of Mass Communication, Virtual University of Pakistan, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. 2021-03-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gmcrjournal.com/article/portrayal-of-islam-and-muslims-in-western-media-a-study-of-fox-news https://doi.org/10.31703/gmcr.2021(VI-I).09 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Mass Communication Review Volume 6, Issue 1 Pakistan

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Social Media and Religious Minorities: Analyzing the Usage of Facebook Groups among Christian Minority to Highlight their Issues in Pakistan Sumera Batool Saba Sultana Sana Tariq Facebook Groups Christian minority usage issues Pakistan The issues of religious, ethnic and racial minorities are one of the major problems in modern democratic states where the majority governs. The article finds out the role of religious Facebook groups in highlighting the issues of the Christian minority. The objectives were to observe the reasons of participation, level of dependence and the nature of effects of online discussions of Facebook groups on the Christian community. Uses and gratification theory was applied to understand that how new technologies in media are used to gratify the needs of marginalized communities in a pluralist society. Data was collected through a survey method from the Christian minority, which was Facebook users and members of Facebook religion. The findings of the study revealed that usage of Facebook Groups is motivating the Christian community towards the solution of their problems; there is an association between usage of Facebook groups and awareness level regarding social issues among the Christian community. Humanity Publications Assistant Professor, Department of Mass Communication, Lahore College for Women University, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. Lecturer, Department of Mass Communication and Media, University of Narowal, Punjab, Pakistan. MS Fellow, Depart of Mass Communication, Lahore College for Women University, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. 2021-03-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gmcrjournal.com/article/social-media-and-religious-minorities-analyzing-the-usage-of-facebook-groups-among-christian-minority-to-highlight-their-issues-in-pakistan https://doi.org/10.31703/gmcr.2021(VI-I).10 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Mass Communication Review Volume 6, Issue 1 Pakistan

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Psychological effects of Terrorism on News Reporters: A Case Study of Peshawar Press Club Ajmal Khan Raja Arslan Ahmad Khan Mamoona Ismail Loona PTSD War and Conflicts Working Journalists Peshawar Khyber Pakhtunkhwa The objective of this study is to determine the frequency and severity of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) symptoms in journalists of Peshawar. A self-report 17-items questionnaire based on PTSD civilian version (PCL-C) was administered to 252 working journalists of Peshawar Press Clubs. The findings revealed that 17.3% of journalists exhibit extreme while 31.1% show higher PTSD symptoms. Since this paper is aimed at journalists, their unions, media houses and NGOs, therefore, specialized jargons of psychiatric literature have been avoided. Instead, simple language has been used. The paper stresses the need that psychiatric establishment and media industry should build a joint body of knowledge to create awareness and a conducive environment for journalists to seek counselling. Although the law-and-order situation has now improved, there is a dire need for post-conflict reflexivity. Also, PTSD symptoms sometimes appear at quite later stages. Humanity Publications MS International Journalism, Communication University of China, (Beijing). MS Media and Communication Studies, International Islamic University, Islamabad, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Department of Psychology, International Islamic University, Islamabad, Pakistan. 2021-03-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gmcrjournal.com/article/psychological-effects-of-terrorism-on-news-reporters-a-case-study-of-peshawar-press-club https://doi.org/10.31703/gmcr.2021(VI-I).11 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Mass Communication Review Volume 6, Issue 1 Pakistan

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Analyzing Negativity in Democratic Media Setup: Case Study of PDM Yasmin Jamali Shabbir Hussain Pakistan Democratic Movement Negativity Commercial Media Democratic Setup Negativity is a widespread concept in media and literature. The study attempt to analyze negativity in Pakistan's news media from the perspective of PDM (Pakistan Democratic Movement). The study applied standardized operationalization of the concept by Lengauer, Esser, and Berganza (2012). The negativity index includes tonality, pessimistic outlook, conflict centeredness, incapability, and actor related negativity. Content of print and electronic media was analyzed for thirty days. The results of the study revealed that electronic media has more actor related negativity. The reaction of the sitting government had more actor related negativity while news stories about government criticism were more pessimistic in nature. The coverage given by media was not sufficient as it is a country wide protest, on average 10 news stories per day were published/ broadcasted by both news outlets. Overall PDM coverage highlight negative, sensationalized phrases by government and opposition leaders Humanity Publications Ph.D. Scholar, Department of Media and Communication Studies, International Islamic University Islamabad, Pakistan. Associate Professor, Department of Media Studies, Bahria University, Islamabad, Pakistan. 2021-03-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gmcrjournal.com/article/analyzing-negativity-in-democratic-media-setup-case-study-of-pdm https://doi.org/10.31703/gmcr.2021(VI-I).12 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Mass Communication Review Volume 6, Issue 1 Pakistan

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Investigating the Priorities of Youth for the Selection of Media for News Consumption Hannan Khan Tareen Nazmine Manan Khan Tareen Young Generation (SNM) Social Networking Medium Traditional Media (Print Media) This study examined the priority of a young generation regarding the selection of medium for news consumption of Multan city. The rationale of the research was to explore the authority of Social Networking Medium (SNM) and explored the comparison between both genders about the consumption of media for repeated information seeking. Moreover, a survey questionnaire methodology used to explore the priorities of the youth and the sample size was five hundred in total using the purposive sampling technique. The study gave a clear hint that the use of Social Networking Medium (SNM) for news acquiring was 56 percent which is greater than the traditional media (print media), which was 44 percent. The study also pinned the point that the youth is consuming the newspaper for relevant information more than Facebook. Overall findings of the study illustrated that Social Network Medium (SNM) is the foremost source of news and information among the youth of Multan. Humanity Publications PhD Scholar, Department of Media Studies, Islamia University Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Punjab, Pakistan. PhD Scholar, Department of Communication Studies, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Punjab, Pakistan. Research Scholar, Department of Communication Studies, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Punjab, Pakistan. 2021-03-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gmcrjournal.com/article/investigating-the-priorities-of-youth-for-the-selection-of-media-for-news-consumption https://doi.org/10.31703/gmcr.2021(VI-I).13 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Mass Communication Review Volume 6, Issue 1 Pakistan

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Transposition Inertia at Tertiary Level: The Impact of Online Entertainment Via Cell Phones on Privacy, Safety, Psychological Wellbeing and Academic Achievements of University Students Muhammad Farrukh Wajiha Raza Rizvi Abul Hassan Media Landscape Entertainment Social Media and Tertiary Education Impact of Social Media on Privacy Safety Psychological Wellbeing and Educational Achievement of Youth This paper examines the impact of online entertainment media on privacy, safety, psychological wellbeing and academic achievements of youth through the smart phones. The authors reviewed literature on excessive use of social media, business and marketing industries by Chris Anderson, Rasmous Kleis Neilson, Lijun Zhou, Kathleen Van Royen, Karolien Poels, Heidi Vandebosch, Philippe Adam, William G. Zikmund et. al. and others, and developed the theoretical framework around the excessive usage of new media and credibility theories. They prepared a survey questionnaire to study the said impact of new entertainment media on privacy, safety, psychological wellbeing and academic achievements of youth, taking N=200 students of University of Lahore. They used the statistical tools for data analysis. The regression analysis of the dependent variables "Privacy", "Safety", "Psychological Needs", and "Educational Achievements" against the independent variable Online Entertainment Media show the extent rate at 44.2%, 62.9%, 83%, and 80.2 % respectively among youth. Humanity Publications PhD Scholar, School of Media & Mass Communication, Beaconhouse National University and Lecturer, School of Creative Arts, University of Lahore (UOL) Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. Associate Professor, School of Media & Mass Communication, Beaconhouse National University, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. Lecturer, School of Media & Communication Studies, University of Management and Technology, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. 2021-03-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gmcrjournal.com/article/transposition-inertia-at-tertiary-level-the-impact-of-online-entertainment-via-cell-phones-on-privacy-safety-psychological-wellbeing-and-academic-achievements-of-university-students https://doi.org/10.31703/gmcr.2021(VI-I).14 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Mass Communication Review Volume 6, Issue 1 Pakistan

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Social Media and Tourism Industry: A Comparative Analysis of Effects of Facebook Pages of Tour Companies of Lahore on Tourism Promotion Zowaina Azhar Abdul Rehman Qaisar Misha Akash Tourism Promotion through Facebook Pages Social Media Marketing Social Media use by Tour Companies The study attempts to assess the difference in the effect of social media content of tour companies of Lahore on promoting tourism. The study used a comparative research design in order to compare the effects of social media content, in particular Facebook. A detailed literature review was presented, and data was collected from the tourists who have used the Facebook pages of selected tour companies and used their services through a well-developed questionnaire, using purposive sampling, followed by convenience sampling. To conduct the study, a sample size of 320 respondents was chosen to get accurate findings. The findings of the study revealed that all four tour companies of Lahore equally promoted tourism through their Facebook pages. The Facebook pages are a reliable source of information that are trending and being used extensively by people. This showed that using such pages are ultimately contributing to the success and promotion of tourism in Pakistan. Humanity Publications Lecturer, Department of Communication and Media Studies, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, Punjab, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Department of Communication and Media Studies, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, Punjab, Pakistan. Lecturer (Visiting), Department of Communication and Media Studies, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, Punjab, Pakistan. 2021-03-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gmcrjournal.com/article/social-media-and-tourism-industry-a-comparative-analysis-of-effects-of-facebook-pages-of-tour-companies-of-lahore-on-tourism-promotion https://doi.org/10.31703/gmcr.2021(VI-I).15 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Mass Communication Review Volume 6, Issue 1 Pakistan

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Do International News Agencies Set the Agenda of Pakistani English Newspapers? A Critical Analysis of Three English Dailies of Pakistan Lubna Shaheen Muhammad Naseem Anwar Rashid Ishaq Developed Countries Developing Nations Foreign Content Media Imperialism Peripheral The aim of this study is to measure the reliance of the Pakistani English press on international news agencies. Quantitative content analysis was done to see the level of reliance. A ten-year period has been selected for analysis starting from 9/11. International pages of three English newspapers were selected. The results indicated that there is very small contribution of the newspapers in the case of international news content, they mostly rely on foreign content and publish the same. Pakistani newspapers hardly try to appoint their correspondents and resultantly they have to copy the same content available by international news agencies e.g., AP, AFP & Reuter. The study considered the theory of media imperialism and the results endorse the age-old central verses peripheral relationship with developed countries and the developing nations which still persist. Humanity Publications Assistant Professor, Department of Higher Education, Government of the Punjab, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. Lecturer, Department of Mass Communication, Rawalpindi Woman University Rawalpindi, Punjab, Pakistan. Lecturer, Department of JMC, Kohat University of Science and Technology Kohat, KP, Pakistan. 2021-03-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gmcrjournal.com/article/do-international-news-agencies-set-the-agenda-of-pakistani-english-newspapers-a-critical-analysis-of-three-english-dailies-of-pakistan https://doi.org/10.31703/gmcr.2021(VI-I).16 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Mass Communication Review Volume 6, Issue 1 Pakistan

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Economic Recession in the Media Industry and Survival of the KPK's Journalists Muhammad Faheem Muhammad Junaid Ghauri Ramal Ijaz Economic Recession Journalists' Survival Diversified Content Capacity Enhancement Technical Skills Media was hit by the economic recession of 2018-19, and hundreds of media workers lost their jobs, but at the same time, many journalists survived. This study is focused on how the journalists in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KPK) survived during this media crisis and how they equipped themselves to face the challenges faced by them. Their approach towards the recession was positive, and they also accepted the challenges to enhance their capacity to fulfil the requirements of their respective organizations. The study at hand is qualitative in nature, wherein the researcher employed the technique of in-depth interviews. Twenty journalists among those who have survived during the economic recession, with a minimum 5 years of experience in the field from Khyber Union of Journalists and Peshawar Press Club, were interviewed. The results show that recession made the journalists ponder on polishing their other skills by enhancing their capacity to produce diversified content to sustain their jobs in the field. Humanity Publications Research Scholar, Department of Media Studies and Communication, International Islamic University Islamabad, Pakistan. Lecturer, Department of Media and Communication Studies, International Islamic University Islamabad, Pakistan. Research Scholar, Department of Mass Communication, National University of Science and Technology Islamabad, Pakistan. 2021-03-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gmcrjournal.com/article/economic-recession-in-the-media-industry-and-survival-of-the-kpk-journalists https://doi.org/10.31703/gmcr.2021(VI-I).17 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Mass Communication Review Volume 6, Issue 1 Pakistan

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Social Media Usage and Mental Health: A Cross-Sectional Study in Pakistan Muhammad Ramzan Pahore Malik Adnan Muhammad Basharat Hameed Social Media Youth Mental Health Pakistan Gender Excessive social media usage can be harmful to the mental health of individuals. The core objective of the study was to inspect the effects of social media usage on mental health. Secondly, to find out the mean differences of gender, social media and mental health. A cross-sectional research design was utilized to fulfil the study objectives. n=1067 students from six different universities in Punjab, Pakistan, were selected through a multi-stage sampling technique. Data was collected through an adapted questionnaire comprised of three distinct parts, i.e. socio-demographic profile, social media integration scale by Maree (2017) and Goldberg depression scale (1993), to check the social media effects on mental health among youth. Attained replies were analyzed by using SPSS analysis software version 21. Furthermore, to check the direction and consistency of the relationship among these variables, Pearson correlation was applied, which demonstrated a negative relationship between social media usage and mental health problems at p<.000. This study concluded a negative influence of excessive social media usage on mental health among youth in public universities of Punjab, Pakistan. Humanity Publications Assistant Professor, Department of Media & Communication Studies, University of Sindh, Jamshoro, Sindh, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Department of Media Studies, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Punjab, Pakistan. Community Awareness Officer, Punjab Emergency Service, Toba Tek Singh, Punjab, Pakistan. 2021-03-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gmcrjournal.com/article/social-media-usage-and-mental-health-a-crosssectional-study-in-pakistan https://doi.org/10.31703/gmcr.2021(VI-I).18 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Mass Communication Review Volume 6, Issue 1 Pakistan

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The Negative Role of Social Media to Create Anxiety in University Students Amidst COVID-19 Humaira Irfan Social Media Negative Role Emotions Creativity COVID-19 The purpose of the study is to explore the negative role of social media on university students mental health amidst digitalized COVID-19 setting that throbs excruciating pain, fear, anxiety, stress and depression. The quantitative and qualitative data were collected from the Department of English students of a public university in Punjab, Pakistan. The findings reveal that students' are engaged daily for 4 hours on social media forums for online chats, information and amusement. The social media platforms strategically create situations to express unrestrained sentiments. The use of cartoons and images reflect students' potential for creativity, criticality and social innovation. Humanity Publications Associate Professor, Department of English, University of Education, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. 2021-03-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gmcrjournal.com/article/the-negative-role-of-social-media-to-create-anxiety-in-university-students-amidst-covid19 https://doi.org/10.31703/gmcr.2021(VI-I).19 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Mass Communication Review Volume 6, Issue 1 Pakistan

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Role of Social Media in Promoting Feministic Consciousness Muhammad Ahsan Bhatti Chaudhary Husnain Yousaf Aqsa Iram Shehzadi Feminism Social Media Social Status This study measures the role of social media in promoting feministic consciousness among females of Multan. Feminism and the awareness for the rights of women in Pakistan have been shaping themselves for a long. The link between the campaigns of women and the state of Pakistan has undertaken many shifts from mutual accommodation and necessary philosophical arguments out openly and dispute, which is followed by contribution and co-optation. It is a quantitative study in which the researcher will utilize survey methodology in order to gather information from the participants regarding the role of social media in promoting feministic consciousness. The study comprises 300 female participants who were inquired about usage pattern and consumption of social media and awareness of feminism. SPSS software was used for the analysis. The result of this study shows that the feminist understanding has the least relationship with social media, and the females who are aware regarding feministic consciousness have better uplift in their social status. Humanity Publications Assistant Professor, Department of Communication Studies, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Punjab, Pakistan. MPhil Scholar, Department of Communication Studies, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Punjab, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Department of Communication Studies, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Punjab, Pakistan. 2021-03-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gmcrjournal.com/article/role-of-social-media-in-promoting-feministic-consciousness https://doi.org/10.31703/gmcr.2021(VI-I).20 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Mass Communication Review Volume 6, Issue 1 Pakistan

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The Impact of Social Media on the Freedom Movement in Indian held Kashmir Bilal Aslam Shabnam Gul Muhammad Faizan Asgher Kashmir Issue; Freedom Movement Social Movements Social Media Frames Analysis Media Framing The contemporary phase of the youth-led freedom movement in Indian Held Kashmir (IHK) is not confined to the armed rebellion by the Kashmiri youth but is also coupled with a non-violent approach using social media against the atrocities and human rights violations such as systematic torture, rape, extrajudicial killing, and prisoner abuse, by the committed by the Indian armed forces. Victims' stories have been well-documented and 're-packaged for the world community through social media. The freedom movement went through various phases throughout history, and the most recent phase was introduced in 2016 after the brutal killings carried out by the Indian armed forces that included Burhan Muzaffar Wani, a youth-icon and a freedom fighter who used social media as a communication tool. The use of modern communication technologies like social media ensures that the narrative of the people of Kashmir regarding the freedom from the illegal occupation of Kashmir and suppression by Indian security forces would spread all around the world. This paper applies social movement framing analysis to this contemporary freedom movement in IHK to better understand the ways in which it is being re-defined by activists through exposure and affiliation to other transnational protest movements and re-framed in a manner that stresses the universal applications of contemporary human rights mobilizations. Humanity Publications PhD Scholar, Department of Centre for South Asian Studies, University of the Punjab, Punjab, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Department of International Relations, Lahore College for Women University, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. MPhil, Peace & Counter Terrorism Studies, Minhaj University Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. 2021-03-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gmcrjournal.com/article/the-impact-of-social-media-on-the-freedom-movement-in-indian-held-kashmir https://doi.org/10.31703/gmcr.2021(VI-I).21 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Mass Communication Review Volume 6, Issue 1 Pakistan

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Impact of TV Talk Shows on Political Efficacy of University Students of Pakistan Ifra Iftikhar Irem Sultana Samina Tanveer TV Talk Shows Political Efficacy Political Perception Media Trust The aim of the study is to assess the impact of political talk shows on television on the political efficacy of the viewers. Mediation analysis was conducted to investigate if trust on political information gained from TV talk shows' affects political efficacy of the viewers. Moreover, how much political perception about political issues, government and politicians influence individuals' political efficacy. The data from 400 university students of Lahore between the ages of 18 to 35 was collected purposively ensuring that the participant is regular viewer of political TV talk shows. The results revealed that watching TV talk shows significantly influence political efficacy. Trust on TV talk shows and political perception about political issues significant impact on political efficacy of the viewers. However, the two variables partially mediate the influence of TV talk shows on political efficacy. Humanity Publications Associate Professor, Lahore Garrison University, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Government College University, Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan. M.Phil. Scholar, Lahore Leads University, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. 2021-03-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gmcrjournal.com/article/impact-of-tv-talk-shows-on-political-efficacy-of-university-students-of-pakistan https://doi.org/10.31703/gmcr.2021(VI-I).22 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Mass Communication Review Volume 6, Issue 1 Pakistan

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The Effect of News TV Channels Coverage During Pandemic Covid -19 on Youth in Pakistan Aemen Khalid Muhammad Bilal Nawaz Javeria Nazeer Covid-19 Pandemic Youth of Pakistan Electronic Media The COVID-19 pandemic has had an effect on everyone's health, safety, and everyday lives. Because of the biological and psychological changes that arise during this developmental phase, youth can be especially vulnerable to this sudden disturbance in their lives. The COVID 19 crisis is a global pandemic that is having a range of impacts on every individual throughout the world as well as Pakistani youth such as anxiety and stress that needs to be addressed. This research is being carried out to determine the effects of electronic media particularly NEWS TV channels on Pakistani youth. The results of the study proved that usage of electronic media is associated with creating awareness and behavioral changes among youth in Pakistan during this pandemic. Humanity Publications Assistant Professor, Department of Mass Communication, Lahore Garrison University, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Department of Mass Communication, Lahore College for Women University, Jhang Campus, Punjab, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Department of Mass Communication, Lahore Garrison University, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. 2021-03-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gmcrjournal.com/article/the-effect-of-news-tv-channels-coverage-during-pandemic-covid-19-on-youth-in-pakistan https://doi.org/10.31703/gmcr.2021(VI-I).23 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Mass Communication Review Volume 6, Issue 1 Pakistan

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Climate Change Effects on Water Resources and Need of Dams in Pakistan Tanveer Hussain Abdul Basit Muhammad Naeem Javed Pakistan Global Warming Water Resources Need of Dams Climate change is a global phenomenon; its outcome affects societies around the world. Climate change has become the greatest severe issue of the 21st century. Climate change has a large influence on the atmosphere, farming, health zone, flood, ecology, marine and water levels in Pakistan. When these environmental changes affect the natural system, they may affect the living being indirectly or directly. Due to global warming, Pakistan is frequently suffering climate changes and water resources decline. Pakistan has the 135th position in terms of (CO2) releases but unfortunately has been ranked 7thposition in terms of vulnerability to climate changes. The present study explored how climate change has affected the water resources of Pakistan, why the dams are necessary and what consequences might seem in the upcoming and what kind of strategies should be adopted by the government. There is a need that concerned departments should take action on an emergency basis to increase water storage capacity and construct dams in the interest of future generations. Humanity Publications Assistant Professor, School of Media and Communication Studies, University of Management & Technology Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. Lecturer, School of Media and Communication Studies, University of Management & Technology, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. Chairperson/Associate Professor, Department of Mass Communication, Lahore Leads University, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. 2021-03-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gmcrjournal.com/article/climate-change-effects-on-water-resources-and-need-of-dams-in-pakistan https://doi.org/10.31703/gmcr.2021(VI-I).24 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Mass Communication Review Volume 6, Issue 1 Pakistan

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Indo-Pak Relations in Ideological Perspective after 9/11: Critical Discourse Analysis of Nawa-i-Waqt; A Pakistani Urdu Newspaper Muhammad Ahsan Shahid Nawaz Muhammad Asif Indo-Pak Relations Urdu Newspaper Occupied Kashmir CDA 9/11 The objective of this work was to utilize the critical discourse analysis in the reporting and coverage of Indo-Pak relations from an ideological perspective after 9/11. The critical discourse analysis of local, international, and business news, editorials, articles, columns, and letters to the editor published in Nawa-i-Waqt, a Pakistani Urdu Newspaper, is carried out. The overall purpose of the study was to critically analyze lexical choices, rhetorical devices and the dominant themes reported after 9/11 from August 1st, 2008 to January 31, 2009, the peak time of terrorist attacks in Pakistan. In the present study, it has been noticed that the Urdu newspaper Nawa-i-Waqt reports and publishes more news, editorials, columns, and articles regarding this hot aspect. The CDA of lexical items reported and published in the daily Nawa-i-Waqt revealed the use of victimization and generalization in the coverage of Indian Occupied Kashmir. Similarly, Nawa-i-Waqt newspaper also exclusively focused and reported the historical narrative of the government of Pakistan and its efforts to convey the frightful condition of Kashmir and Kashmiris to the nations of the world and engage them to resolve this longstanding dispute. Humanity Publications Lecturer, Department of English, Ghazi University, Dera Ghazi Khan, Punjab, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Department of English linguistics, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Punjab, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Department of English, Ghazi University, Dera Ghazi Khan, Punjab, Pakistan. 2021-06-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gmcrjournal.com/article/indopak-relations-in-ideological-perspective-after-911-critical-discourse-analysis-of-nawaiwaqt-a-pakistani-urdu-newspaper https://doi.org/10.31703/gmcr.2021(VI-II).01 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Mass Communication Review Volume 6, Issue 2 Pakistan

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Framework to Counter Lone Wolf Terrorist Activity via Web Shabnam Gul Muhammad Faizan Asghar Zahid Akbar Lone Wolf Internet Digital Media Terrorist Attacks Rational Detecting Lone wolf is one of the most dangerous shape of terrorism as they are almost undetectable. Although lone wolf is almost untraceable, it is possible that they leave footprints while using internet. However, internet is primarily used to communicate ideology to potential lone wolf, and visitors of such internet sources or websites require technical expertise which is not very common. This enables lone wolf to operate effectively, staying in low profile till the time an opportunity does not offer itself. It has the most devastating effect on the morale of counter terrorist force and is also the most effective terrorist tool to spread fear in the hearts of populous. Humanity Publications Assistant Professor, Department of International Relations, Lahore College for Women University, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. MPhil, Peace & Counter Terrorism Studies, Minhaj University Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. Ministry of Defense. 2021-06-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gmcrjournal.com/article/framework-to-counter-lone-wolf-terrorist-activity-via-web https://doi.org/10.31703/gmcr.2021(VI-II).02 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Mass Communication Review Volume 6, Issue 2 Pakistan

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Semantic Analysis of the Linguistic Features Used on Urdu Hoardings in Lahore Nimra Rafiq Namra Fazal Mohsin Tajammul Semantic Analysis Linguistic Features Hoardings Urdu It is an established truth that advertising copywriters expertly manipulate language to suit their purpose of communicating advertising messages (Emodi, 2011). This research aims to explore to what extent advertisers manipulate language rather distinctively than the daily use of language. The current work presents a descriptive analysis of the linguistic features of Urdu ads at semantic level. The study uses qualitative approach where twenty Urdu hoardings were selected through purposive sampling technique from Gulberg and Hall Road, Lahore. The writer collected the data by looking at the meaning of advertisements printed on hoardings. In analyzing the data, the writer applied Leech's theory of semantics. The writer found the use of connotative words, adjectives, coined words,misspelled words, repetition, and the ambiguous statements in advertisements on hoardings. Every message has a very important role to play in building up the advertiser's message. So, on the basis of these findings it is stated that advertisers use persuasive language while violating the semantic laws which is distinctive from the language used in every day communication. Humanity Publications FAST, National University of Computer and Emerging Sciences, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. FAST, National University of Computer and Emerging Sciences, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. FAST, National University of Computer and Emerging Sciences, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. 2021-06-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gmcrjournal.com/article/semantic-analysis-of-the-linguistic-features-used-on-urdu-hoardings-in-lahore https://doi.org/10.31703/gmcr.2021(VI-II).03 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Mass Communication Review Volume 6, Issue 2 Pakistan

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Global Culture and the Media undermine our Culture: A Case of Urdu-Dubbed Turkish Dramas Effects on Pakistani Society Faisal Aziz Salman Amin Muhammad Naseem Anwar Urdu-dubbed Turkish Dramas Effects Pakistani Society Youth Influence Impacts Undermining of Culture This study is about the effects of Urdu-dubbed Turkish dramas on Pakistani society: A case of the Foundation University of Rawalpindi. With the help of a questionnaire, data is collected from the students. The reason for selecting such students is that the youth is more exposed to such dramas and easily get influenced by the new trends. One hundred students are selected on the basis of age, gender and education and apply the Stratification sampling method. The result indicated that the people of our society are getting influenced by Turkish dramas. And Turkish dramas are significantly having effects on our society as they are directly undermining our national culture. Humanity Publications Lecturer, Department of Communication and Media Studies, University of Sargodha, Punjab, Pakistan. Lecturer (Visiting), Department of Communication and Media Studies, University of Sargodha, Punjab, Pakistan. Lecturer, Rawalpindi Women University, Rawalpindi, Punjab, Pakistan. 2021-06-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gmcrjournal.com/article/global-culture-and-the-media-undermine-our-culture-a-case-of-urdudubbed-turkish-dramas-effects-on-pakistani-society https://doi.org/10.31703/gmcr.2021(VI-II).04 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Mass Communication Review Volume 6, Issue 2 Pakistan

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Impact of Social Media Coverage of Taliban's Takeover on the Mental Health of Afghan Scholars in Pakistan Bin Yamin Khan Fakhruddin Naseer Abobakar Khan Social Media Taliban Takeover Mental Health Conflict Taliban re-controlled Afghanistan on August 15 2021, for the second time in its history. This rapid takeover left immense effects on the lives of Afghans globally. It also affected the economy, politics and routine affairs of the country. Some of the Afghans lost their lives while others lost their jobs. Using thematic analysis, the current study probes the frequency and priority of social media use for information about the Taliban takeover (TTO). This study majorly investigates the effects of social media's coverage of the TTO on the mental of Afghan scholars in Pakistan. The findings of the study show that the majority of respondents spend 3.7 hrs on social media sites daily. They spent more time on social media during the TTO than on normal days, resulting in a range of mental health issues. However, the majority of them rely on Facebook as the primary source of information, followed by Twitter and YouTube. Humanity Publications Lecturer, Department of Communication and Media Studies, Hazara University Mansehra, KP, Pakistan. MPhil Scholar, Department of Communication and Media Studies, Hazara University Mansehra, KP, Pakistan. MS Scholar, Department of Media and Communication Studies, International Islamic University, Islamabad, Pakistan. 2021-06-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gmcrjournal.com/article/impact-of-social-media-coverage-of-talibans-takeover-on-the-mental-health-of-afghan-scholars-in-pakistan https://doi.org/10.31703/gmcr.2021(VI-II).05 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Mass Communication Review Volume 6, Issue 2 Pakistan

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Social Media and Protest Information: A Case Study of Facebook Zaid Hussain Social Media Facebook Protests News Information Mainstream Media The role of social media in Pakistan has become a favorite domain for researchers in media. In this study, it has been explored that how Facebook is being used as a tool for acquiring protest information.Pakistan, as a country with toppling democracies, religious extremism,sectarian hatred, and a flawed judicial system, has seen many protests to date. Often these protests take the shape of riots or are on the verge of leading to riots. At such a stage, the government, in an attempt to cool down the situation, restricts the media organizations from giving coverage to such protests and riots. This study aims to find the use of Facebook by people as an alternative to acquire protest information.To see how Facebook is replacing mainstream media in case of protest information. Humanity Publications MS Scholar, International Islamic University, Islamabad, Pakistan 2021-09-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gmcrjournal.com/article/social-media-and-protest-information-a-case-study-of-facebook https://doi.org/10.31703/gmcr.2021(VI-III).01 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Mass Communication Review Volume 6, Issue 3 Pakistan

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Role Of Electronic Media In Projecting International Image of A State: Issues Of Pakistan's International Image-Hindsight Comparison With Region And Globe Summaiya Chaudhry Noor Fatima Sajjida Begum Role of Electronic Media Projecting International Image Pakistan Hindsight Comparison Region Globe In order to fully understand the impact of international news on Pakistan as a state, society, culture and nation, it is essential to understand the manner in which electronic media has been managed efficiently by states to project a progressive global image across region and beyond. In the backdrop this paper aims at focusing role of electronic media in projecting international image of a state: issues of Pakistan's international image-hindsight comparison with region and globe. Humanity Publications M. Phil International Releation, National Defence University, Islamabad, Pakistan Chairperson, Department of Politics and International Releation, International Islamic University, Islamabad, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Minhaj University, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan 2021-09-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gmcrjournal.com/article/role-of-electronic-media-in-projecting-international-image-of-a-state-issues-of-pakistans-international-imagehindsight-comparison-with-region-and-globe https://doi.org/10.31703/gmcr.2021(VI-III).02 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Mass Communication Review Volume 6, Issue 3 Pakistan

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An Advertising Campaign for Iron-Hand Roadside Assistance Service Aadil Rehman Khan Nimra Saleem Service Assistance Vehicle Roadside Campaign Breakdown Cost Pakistan Advertisement As vehicle ownership has gone up in Pakistan in recent years, maintenance costs have also skyrocketed, particularly those of highway recovery services. It is the need of the hour to develop and promote new recovery services that are both cheap and efficient. This PR proposal is centered around the promotion of a fast, reliable, and cost-effective novel roadside assistance service for the people of Islamabad among vehicle owners and automobile mechanics. The PR campaign will be multi-pronged in approach and will generate significant brand awareness under diverse media promotion tools . Humanity Publications BS English, Department of Mass Communication, National University of Modern Languages, Islamabad, Pakistan. Research Scholar, Faculty of English, National University of Modern Languages, Islamabad, Pakistan. 2021-09-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gmcrjournal.com/article/an-advertising-campaign-for-ironhand-roadside-assistance-service https://doi.org/10.31703/gmcr.2021(VI-III).03 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Mass Communication Review Volume 6, Issue 3 Pakistan

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Post 9/11 Prone Staging Of International Electronic Media And Challenges To Pakistan's Global Image Summaiya Chaudhry Syed Qandil Abbas Saira Parvin Post 9/11 Prone Staging International Electronic Media Challenges Pakistan's Global Image In this paper the Western and Indian electronic media remains in focus. The terror attacks which took place on September 11,2001 did not only shake United States of America; they shook the entire world and everyone living in any nook or cranny of the globe. The incident changed the entire political, economic and diplomatic landscape of the international and global community and what began then continues to change and shape the international world of today. Humanity Publications M. Phil International Relation, National Defence University, Islamabad, Pakistan School of Politics and International Relation, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan. PhD Scholar, School of Politics and International Relation, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan. 2021-09-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gmcrjournal.com/article/post-911-prone-staging-of-international-electronic-media-and-challenges-to-pakistans-global-image https://doi.org/10.31703/gmcr.2021(VI-III).04 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Mass Communication Review Volume 6, Issue 3 Pakistan

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The Impact of Heroism and Demonism of Indian Movies and Youth National Identity Crisis Rashid Ishaq Neelam Zahir Muhammad Naseem Anwar Heroism Demonism Indian Movies Youth National Identity This study is designed to investigate the Impact of Heroism and Demonism of Indian Movies and Youth National Identity Crisis. Through the survey research method, the researcher collects data from the 320 persons that are selected from a population of the study through the Purposive sampling technique. Participants are categorized demographically. The major finding of the study is the Nation Identity Crisis among youth, and it strongly supports the hypothesis that "there is significant Co Relation between the extent of watching Indian movies and adoption of Indian cultural identities". The researcher concluded that the "National language of our country Pakistan more affected by the Hinduism and somewhat Dress, Eating culture, National symbols, Two Nation Theory National Heroes and Army image also affected." Humanity Publications Lecturer, Journalism Department Kohat University of Science and Technology, Kohat, KP, Pakistan. Lecturer, Swabi Women University, Swabi, KP, Pakistan. Lecturer, Rawalpindi Women University, Rawalpindi, Punjab, Pakistan. 2021-09-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gmcrjournal.com/article/the-impact-of-heroism-and-demonism-of-indian-movies-and-youth-national-identity-crisis https://doi.org/10.31703/gmcr.2021(VI-III).05 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Mass Communication Review Volume 6, Issue 3 Pakistan

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Communicating Social Perceptions of Art as a Profession in Pakistan Huma Fatima Visual Arts Gender Profession Cultural inclusion Cultural Norms Pakistan In our socio-cultural setting art is an essential medium for expressing human emotions. Art plays a pivotal role in creating and fostering a healthy nation. This research studies the relationship between socio-cultural ethics and art as a profession in Pakistan.Despite Pakistan's rich cultural heritage, the role of an artist is relatively new and often misunderstood. According to our findings, art in Pakistan has a rich cultural and social background, and people are attached to it. Based on their mindsets, knowledge, and physical environment, different people favor different kinds of art in their surroundings. Art is regarded as an appreciation by most people but is not regarded as a serious choice of profession for men. In contrast, art is a highly regarded profession among women in Pakistan. This study expands the scope of evaluation and development of art as a profession in Pakistan based on gender and cultural norms. Humanity Publications MPhil Scholar Quaid-i-Azam University Islamabad, Pakistan Text Article application/pdf https://gmcrjournal.com/article/communicating-social-perceptions-of-art-as-a-profession-in-pakistan https://doi.org/10.31703/gmcr.2021(VI-IV).01 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Mass Communication Review Volume 6, Issue 4 Pakistan

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John of Damascus Zaid Hussain Damascus John of Damascus Orthodoxy Bible Content Analysis John of Damascus, also known as Saint John of Damascenes, was born in the second half of the seventh century,between 674 and 675 in Damascus (Sahas, 1984). He was a monk, apriest, a hymnographer, and a scholar. He was born in an Arab -Christian family. His grandfather "Mansur ibn-e-Sarjun was the financial governor of Damascus" until it was conquered by Muslim general Khalid bin Waleed. This Research paper is a qualitative content analysis that employs analytical and interpretative tools to examine John of Damascus's most referenced and notable polemics against Islam, the Quran, and the Prophet. Humanity Publications MS Scholar, International Islamic University, Islamabad, Pakistan. Text Article application/pdf https://gmcrjournal.com/article/john-of-damascus https://doi.org/10.31703/gmcr.2021(VI-IV).02 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Mass Communication Review Volume 6, Issue 4 Pakistan

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History of Islamophobia in Canada Nadeem Akram Islamophobia Quebec Hate Crimes Anti-muslim Discourse Racism Canada is generally considered the most liberal andleast racist country in the Western hemisphere at least according tothe popular discourse. The ground reality is slightly more complex.According to the Canadian Center for Policy Alternatives, more Muslims have been killed in hate crimes in Canada in the last five years than in any other G-7 country. The anti-terror legislation after 9/11 further caused systematic islamophobia. This research paperstudies the historical evolution of Islamophobia and anti-Muslimdiscourse in Canada. The objective is to understand the literary andmedia sources of the growing anti-Muslim hate crimes Humanity Publications MS, Student, International Islamic University Islamabad, Pakistan. Text Article application/pdf https://gmcrjournal.com/article/history-of-islamophobia-in-canada https://doi.org/10.31703/gmcr.2021(VI-IV).03 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Mass Communication Review Volume 6, Issue 4 Pakistan

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Analyzing The Prevalence Of Nuclear Family Structure In Pakistani Society: Exposure To Dramatized Entertainment And Cultivation Process Ali Nisar Cultivation theory Drama industry Entertainment Nuclear Family In the light of the cultivation theory of cultural indicators,this Research paper investigates and examines the first and second-order effects of cultivation on Nuclear Family structure due to higher and overall exposure of dramatized entertainment content. Findings at the preliminary level indicate that the higher the exposure to dramatized entertainment, the higher the perceptions of its audience towards the prevalence of nuclear family structures in Pakistani society will be cultivated. However, the second-order effect of cultivation regarding the phenomenon under investigation could not be found.While the aforementioned phenomenon is under explored yet in very cultural settings of Pakistan, therefore this study provides basic theoretical avenues to future research in this field of cultivation. Humanity Publications International Islamic University, Islamabad, Pakistan Text Article application/pdf https://gmcrjournal.com/article/analyzing-the-prevalence-of-nuclear-family-structure-in-pakistani-society-exposure-to-dramatized-entertainment-and-cultivation-process https://doi.org/10.31703/gmcr.2021(VI-IV).04 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Mass Communication Review Volume 6, Issue 4 Pakistan

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Content Analysis of Western Media Framing of Hagia Sophia Reconversion Decision Muhammad Arif Hagia Sophia Framing Theory Content Analysis Islamophobia UNESCO The decision to change the status of Hagia Sophia from a museum to a mosque stirred up a massive controversy in the non-Islamic world, even to the extent as questioning the secular nature of the Turkish Republic. A Turkish court issued a ruling which ultimately led to the re conversion of Istanbul's Hagia Sophia, annulling a government ruling that dates back to 1934. This decision caused anxiety in the Western capitals, though it is important to explore how the media framed this entire story. This research investigates the portrayal of this decision in the Western media. The method of content analysis was used to analyze various new stories published on the websites of print and electronic media. The theoretical framework used is Framing Theory. The research concludes that western media framed this decision in an overwhelmingly negative light. Humanity Publications MS Scholar, International Islamic University, Islamabad, Pakistan. Text Article application/pdf https://gmcrjournal.com/article/content-analysis-of-western-media-framing-of-hagia-sophia-reconversion-decision https://doi.org/10.31703/gmcr.2021(VI-IV).05 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Mass Communication Review Volume 6, Issue 4 Pakistan

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Impact of English Language on Career Opportunities in the Private Sector of Pakistan: A Case Study of Jazz Digital House Multan Rana Imran Ali Muhammad Shah Nawaz Muhammad Imran Career Opportunities Language Skills Working Environment Jazz Digital House The present study investigated the impact of English language on career opportunities of employees of Jazz Digital House Multan Pakistan,working in various domains. A quantitative approach was applied to obtain the employees' perceptions as an individual's perspective. Data were collected through a four-point Likert scale questionnaire from 111 Jazz employees. A survey form was circulated through Google form, and the respondents' responses were collected online. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used to analyze the respondents' responses. The results revealed that the English language skills of hiring candidates make an impact on the interviewers' committee, mandatory for finding a suitable candidate for the employer. The results also showed that English language skills increase the chances of one's career success, break the barriers for jobseekers to find good jobs, and have a very significant impact on career-boosting opportunities in the private sector. Inferential statistics results showed that there is no significant variance at gender level in scores on English language impact on career opportunities. It is recommended that there must be training sessions for the new employees to enhance their English language skills like these (skills) play a significant role to the working environment. Humanity Publications Lecturer, Faculty of English, Department of English, Virtual University of Pakistan, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. Student of Virtual University of Pakistan, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. Schools of Foreign Languages, Shanghai University, China. 2022-12-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gmcrjournal.com/article/impact-of-english-language-on-career-opportunities-in-the-private-sector-of-pakistan-a-case-study-of-jazz-digital-house-multan https://doi.org/10.31703/gmcr.2022(VII-I).01 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Mass Communication Review Volume 7, Issue 1 Pakistan

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A Case Study of Internet Addiction among Undergraduate Students of the University of Karachi Shahid Ali Khan Kiran Arshad Nusrah Asad Internet-addiction Dependency Behaviours Distress Disorders Depression Communication Information The Internet serves as a medium not only in the transportation of information but also in connectivity. The boom in technology resulted in dependency on the internet at work, home and social interactions. Internet addiction can be described as the excessive or inadequately controlled urges, desires, wants, or fixation to use gadgets having internet access. It was a cross-sectional study. The data was collected from the students of the university of Karachi. The sample size was 200. Chen Internet Addiction Questionnaire was used to record the data. In the study, 23% of the participants were male, while 77% were female. In our study, the participants conceded that their relationships as well as their performance in studies and jobs are affected by the excessive use internet. Internet addiction is considered highly prevalent in Pakistan's society and often lead to distress, anxiety, emotional and mental disturbances, and eating and sleep patterns disorders. Humanity Publications Director of Physical Education, Government Degree Boys College, Korangi, Karachi, Sindh, Pakistan. Senior Lecturer, Isra Institute of Rehabilitation Sciences, Isra University, Karachi Campus, Sindh, Pakistan. Principal, Khadija Girls College, Korangi, Karachi, Sindh, Pakistan 2022-12-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gmcrjournal.com/article/a-case-study-of-internet-addiction-among-undergraduate-students-of-the-university-of-karachi https://doi.org/10.31703/gmcr.2022(VII-I).02 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Mass Communication Review Volume 7, Issue 1 Pakistan

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Effects of Internet Addiction on the Psychological Health of University Students in Mardan Muhammad Zahid Muhammad Rauf Excessive Internet Use Internet Abuse Psychological Health Mardan University Internet addiction can harm the psychological well-being of excessive internet users. It is important to study the correlation between the two scientifically. The study explores the link between internet addiction and psychological well-being among university students in Mardan, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. The sample consisted of 150 university students. A random sampling technique was used to select respondents. Participants ranged in age from 18 to 30 years. The instruments used were the Internet Addiction scale and the Ryff Psychological Well-Being Test. Pearson correlation and T-test were used to test the hypothesis/correlation between internet addiction, gender, and psychological well-being. A significant negative relationship between internet addiction and psychological well-being was found. Similarly, a significant gender difference in internet addiction and a non-significant gender difference in psychological well-being. Reduced internet use improves students' psychological well-being. Less internet use helps students' academic careers and reduces interpersonal conflicts. Humanity Publications Lecturer, Department of Sociology, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan, KP, Pakistan. Elementary School Teacher, Department of Education, Government of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. 2022-12-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gmcrjournal.com/article/effects-of-internet-addiction-on-the-psychological-health-of-university-students-in-mardan https://doi.org/10.31703/gmcr.2022(VII-I).03 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Mass Communication Review Volume 7, Issue 1 Pakistan

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Self-Representation on Facebook: What Does It Gratify? Muhammad Naseem Anwar Ayesha Alam Maria Zia Self-representation on SNS Facebook Motives of Self-representation. Age and Gender-wise Differences The last two decades have seen a continuous increase in the use of social networking sites (SNS) amongst people of all age groups. Each individual has different motives and needs for self-representation on these sites, which are related to certain motives and needs. This research investigated four different socio and psychological motives of social and affection on Facebook by Pakistani youth. Data was collected from students at International Islamic University, Islamabad through a questionnaire by employing convenient sampling techniques. Results showed that Facebook users' main motives were social and affection, and exhibitionism, which were not the same for males and females as well as users of different age groups. Humanity Publications Lecturer, Hamdard University, Islamabad, Pakistan. Head of Department, Department of Pakistan Studies, Hazara University, Mansehra, KP, Pakistan. HoD Computer Arts, Hamdard University, Islamabad Campus, Pakistan. 2022-12-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gmcrjournal.com/article/selfrepresentation-on-facebook-what-does-it-gratify https://doi.org/10.31703/gmcr.2022(VII-I).04 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Mass Communication Review Volume 7, Issue 1 Pakistan

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Youth's Perception about Pakistani Dramas: A Case Study of International Islamic University Islamabad Sheraz Ahmed Sherazi Abdul Waheed Qaiser Iqbal Media Television Drama Entertainment Social Connection Human Behavior Values The impact of media on human behavior and attitudes is a widely debated topic in the current digital era. This research paper aims to analyze the role of television as a source of entertainment and social connection. Based on previous studies, it is evident that television has the potential to create a sense of companionship among individuals facing isolation. Moreover, it is argued that individuals tend to share their emotional experiences less when they do not interact with others face to face. Additionally, the paper explores the evolution of drama as a form of mass entertainment, which has gained immense popularity in the 20th century. The research argues that modern drama reflects the complex struggle of life and human nature, making it a universal medium of expression. The paper concludes that the media has a significant impact on society and its values, shaping the way people perceive the world around them. Humanity Publications Researcher, Department of Media & Communication Studies, Abbottabad University of Science and Technology, Abbottabad, KP, Pakistan. PhD Scholar, Abbottabad University of Science and Technology, Abbottabad, KP, Pakistan. Lecturer, Pakistan Studies, University of Haripur, Haripur, KP, Pakistan. 2022-12-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gmcrjournal.com/article/youths-perception-about-pakistani-dramas-a-case-study-of-international-islamic-university-islamabad https://doi.org/10.31703/gmcr.2022(VII-I).05 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Mass Communication Review Volume 7, Issue 1 Pakistan

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Experience and Perception of Learning of Health, Physical Education & Sports Sciences Students in Online Teaching Syeda Waniya Riaz Noman Ahmed Muhammad Aslam Online Learning Satisfaction Perception To analyze health, physical education & sports sciences students' perception and their experience in online learning. A cross-sectional study was conducted among 220 students of Health, physical education & sports sciences which fulfilled the inclusion criteria. The questionnaire which was used in this study was "Students' perception of online learning units", "Students' experience in online learning" and "Attitudes towards and experience of e-learning and learning of clinical skills". Most students reported positive perception and experience with online learning however, lack of interaction with teachers, and negative influence on gaining clinical skills was also observed. The study revealed that there is a significant association of online learning with the perception and experience of health, physical education & sports sciences students as the p value was found to be <0.05. The majority of students faced problems in utilizing the mode of online learning although overall satisfaction was found in more than 50%. Humanity Publications Lecturer, Isra Institute of Rehabilitation Sciences, Isra University, Karachi Campus, Sindh. Assistant Professor, Isra Institute of Rehabilitation Sciences, Isra University, Karachi Campus, Sindh. Lecturer, Department of Health and Physical Education, Government College of Physical Education, Quetta, Balochistan. 2022-12-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gmcrjournal.com/article/experience-and-perception-of-learning-of-health-physical-education-sports-sciences-students-in-online-teaching https://doi.org/10.31703/gmcr.2022(VII-I).06 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Mass Communication Review Volume 7, Issue 1 Pakistan

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The Role of Social Media in Preserving and Promoting Pukhtoon Culture: A Case Study of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Saima Razzaq Khan Azmat Ali Shah Rubab Pashtun Values Traditions Social Media Life Style Diversity KP Culture Traditions Male& Female Respondents There are copious methods by which individual sentiments can be embodied. This research study in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa is to examine how social media affects Pashtun values. This research focused on the effects of Youth & adolescents using social media. There are 29 closed-ended questions in the said survey. The researcher communicated with 200 respondents for the survey. The survey's response rate was a monstrous 100%, which was reasonably extraordinary. Male respondents made up an average of 70% of the sample, while the female respondents' average participation rate was 30%. Many countries around the world assert their distinctiveness based on normative patterns. Social networking has facilitated cultural fusion across nations and created a global village. Social media has taken into account cross-national similarities and connected people through technology. Their same interests drew them together, and as a result, they could communicate and comprehend one another. Humanity Publications Lecture, Department of Political Science, Gomal University, Dera Ismail Khan, KP, Pakistan. Assistant professor, Department of Political Science, Gomal University, Dera Ismail Khan, KP, Pakistan. Lecture, Department of Political Science, Gomal University, Dera Ismail Khan, KP, Pakistan. 2021-06-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gmcrjournal.com/article/the-role-of-social-media-in-preserving-and-promoting-pukhtoon-culture-a-case-study-of-khyber-pakhtunkhwa https://doi.org/10.31703/gmcr.2021(VI-II).06 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Mass Communication Review Volume 6, Issue 2 Pakistan

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Islamophilia as a Predictor of Islamophobia in Pakistan: whether the Political Instability and Extremism Triangulate the Relationship Haroon Elahi Wajid Zulqarnain Naveed Ullah Hashmi Islamophilia Islamophobia Political Instability Extremism & Terrorism Pakistan. This quantitative study looks into the relationship between Islamophilia, Islamophobia, political instability, and extremism & terrorism in Pakistan. A convenient sampling technique was used to collect 137 responses from students pursuing BS and MS degrees in Rawalpindi and Islamabad cities. The findings reveal a significant relationship between Islamophilia and Islamophobia, with Islamophilia inadvertently contributing to the rise of Islamophobia. Consequently, this heightened Islamophobia has consequences with respect to political instability and the rise of extremism & terrorism within Pakistan. These findings put the spotlight on the need to adopt an all-inclusive and broad method to address both Islamophilia and Islamophobia to promote and advance political stability and effectively counter extremism in the country. The study provides a valuable grasp on recognizing the complex dynamics between these factors, shedding light on useful comprehension for policymakers and researchers working towards a more secure and tolerant society in Pakistan. Humanity Publications Head PTV World, Islamabad, Pakistan. Associate Professor, Department of Media Sciences, University of Shaheed Zulfikar Ali Bhutto Institute of Science and Technology, Islamabad, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Department of Media Sciences, University of Shaheed Zulfikar Ali Bhutto Institute of Science and Technology, Islamabad, Pakistan. 2023-12-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gmcrjournal.com/article/islamophilia-as-a-predictor-of-islamophobia-in-pakistan-whether-the-political-instability-and-extremism-triangulate-the-relationship https://doi.org/10.31703/gmcr.2023(VIII-I).01 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Mass Communication Review Volume 8, Issue 1 Pakistan

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Radical Media: The Story of the Fazlullah Radio in Swat Bakht Zaman Radical Media Fazlullah Radio Swat Militancy Talibanization This study qualitatively analyzes the role of an FM Radio Station in escalating militancy and penetrating radical thinking among the people of Swat. The Fazlullah radio was an illegal broadcaster initially established for the translation of the Holy Quran but later switched to radical content and challenged the writ of the government. The study finds that the legitimate media channel being licensed for serving the national interest could not strategically counter the contents of this radio by airing contents for immediate gratification of the information needs of people; consequently, the community had to depend on this radio. The Fazlullah radio, through his agenda set for contents, has badly influenced people's minds and caused massive destruction in the valley by ultimately compelling its residents to leave their hometown and become internally displaced persons. The radio has spread violence through its radical content in the region, and that affected the whole of Pakistan. Humanity Publications Assistant Professor, Department of Journalism & Mass Communication, University of Peshawar, KP, Pakistan. 2023-12-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gmcrjournal.com/article/radical-media-the-story-of-the-fazlullah-radio-in-swat https://doi.org/10.31703/gmcr.2023(VIII-I).02 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Mass Communication Review Volume 8, Issue 1 Pakistan

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Linguistic Barriers in Communication between Doctors and Patients: An Analysis Sumbal Imran Syeda Faryal Sumaira Rauf Doctor Patient Communication Problems Effective communication between doctors and patients is important for providing quality healthcare. However, linguistic barriers can significantly affect doctor-patient communication leading to misunderstandings and misdiagnoses. This research paper presents a comprehensive review of the linguistic barriers encountered in doctor-patient communication, especially in Pashtoon society and the factors responsible for these linguistic barriers. For this purpose, a basic quantitative study was conducted at Mardan Medical Complex (MMC) hospital, KPK, Pakistan. Data was collected through questionnaires. Statistical analysis was done by putting the collected data into SPSS software. Through study, different findings were identified presenting different causes of linguistic barriers in communication between doctors and patients: namely different first languages of doctors and patients, different cultural backgrounds, Illiteracy of patients, opposite gender, and fear of patients, etc. It is also recommended that culturally sensitive programs should be incorporated into the medical education system to increase healthcare providers' understanding of Pashtoon society. Humanity Publications MPhil Scholar, Department of English, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan, KP, Pakistan. MPhil Scholar, Department of English, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan, KP, Pakistan. MPhil Scholar, Department of English, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan, KP, Pakistan. 2023-12-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gmcrjournal.com/article/linguistic-barriers-in-communication-between-doctors-and-patients-an-analysis https://doi.org/10.31703/gmcr.2023(VIII-I).03 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Mass Communication Review Volume 8, Issue 1 Pakistan

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Analyzing the Implementation of Press Council of Pakistan Codes: A Sociological Perspective Zil e Huma Naveeda Irum Warsi Crime News Reporting Codes of Ethics Media Ethics Mass media wield significant influence over human social, economic, and cultural realms. The formulation of media laws and ethics aims to regulate the press, with ethical codes playing a crucial role in decision-making. This study focuses on two ethical codes of the Press Council of Pakistan (PCP): unethical reporting and the projection of crime news. Employing quantitative content analysis, the research examines whether Pakistani newspapers adhere to the PCP code of ethics and the extent of unethical reporting. Two prominent Urdu dailies, Jang and Duniya, are analyzed, revealing that Duniya News publishes more news items in line with PCP ethics, while Daily Jang exhibits a higher intensity of unethical reporting, particularly in crime news. This study contributes to understanding ethical considerations in Pakistani media with its practical implementation of societal norms. Humanity Publications Lecturer, Media and Communication Studies, Rawalpindi Women University, Rawalpindi, Punjab, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Department of Sociology, University of Balochistan, Quetta, Balochistan, Pakistan. 2023-12-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gmcrjournal.com/article/analyzing-the-implementation-of-press-council-of-pakistan-codes-a-sociological-perspective https://doi.org/10.31703/gmcr.2023(VIII-I).04 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Mass Communication Review Volume 8, Issue 1 Pakistan

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The Role of Media in Shaping Pakistan's Foreign Policy Nasir Khan Faisal Aziz Foreign Policy Global dynamics Policymakers Media coverage Diplomatic Strategies This paper examines the relations between foreign policy and the media, with a special emphasis on Pakistan. The study looks at how media coverage affects Pakistan's foreign policy. It examines how the media shapes public opinion, informs legislators, and serves as a forum for policymaking. The study intends to investigate how Pakistani foreign policy is shaped by modern media comprehending larger contexts related to international relations. It makes the argument that more media coverage of foreign affairs affects public opinion, which in turn affects actions made by the government. According to the current study, Pakistan's varied media environment encourages thoughtful discussions on foreign policy, which in turn influences diplomatic tactics both at home and abroad. It conducts in-depth interviews with media professionals and politicians using a qualitative methodology to learn about their opinions on the complex interaction between foreign policy rhetoric and media coverage. Humanity Publications PhD, Faculty of Media & Communication Studies, University of the Central Punjab, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. Lecturer, Department of Communication and Media Studies, University of Sargodha, Punjab, Pakistan. 2023-12-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gmcrjournal.com/article/the-role-of-media-in-shaping-pakistans-foreign-policy https://doi.org/10.31703/gmcr.2023(VIII-I).05 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Mass Communication Review Volume 8, Issue 1 Pakistan

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Political and Public Discourse in the backdrop of 'Regime Change' in Pakistan (2022): A Thematic Analysis of the Facebook pages of PTI, PML-N and PPP Naseer Ahmed Muhammad Junaid Ghauri Syed Abid Ali Bukhari Political Discourse Public Discourse Political Communication Social Media Facebook Twitter Thematic Analysis Framing In today’s day and age, the social media platforms like Facebook and Twitter have converted a rather conventionally one way ‘political communication’ process into an effective and influential two-way communication process. This two-way communication process has an impact on the political communication phenomenon all around the world. Bearing in mind this aspect the researcher has attempted to explore how and to what extent the ‘public discourse’ matched or differed from the ‘political discourse’ regarding the political ‘regime change’ in Pakistan that took place in the first half of the April 2022. Employing the ‘Framing’ as theoretical basis the researcher has attempted to determine how the ‘regime change’ was framed in the political and public discourse. The researcher has employed thematic analysis as methodological tool in this study to identify, analyze and interpret the meanings within the political and public discourse in the backdrop of the ‘regime change’ appeared in the Facebook pages of the top three political parties in Pakistan i.e. Pakistan Tehreek-E-Insaaf (PTI), Pakistan Muslim League- Nawaz (PML-N) and Pakistan Peoples Party (PPP). Humanity Publications MS Scholar, Department of Media and Communication Studies, International Islamic University, Islamabad, Pakistan. Lecturer, Department of Media and Communication Studies, International Islamic University, Islamabad, Pakistan. PhD Scholar, Department of Media Studies, the Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Punjab, Pakistan. 2024-03-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gmcrjournal.com/article/political-and-public-discourse-in-the-backdrop-of-regime-change-in-pakistan-2022-a-thematic-analysis-of-the-facebook-pages-of-pti-pmln-and-ppp https://doi.org/10.31703/gmcr.2024(IX-I).01 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Mass Communication Review Volume 9, Issue 1 Pakistan

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Representation of Social Actors in US Egress from Afghanistan: A Critical Discourse Analysis Iftikhar Ahmad Saadia Fatima Saira Khan Representation Social Actors Exclusion Suppression Inclusion Participation the Afghan government Afghan army US government US army Media through discursive representation as contended by Van Leeuwen (2008) shapes the identity of the participants positively or negatively by their purposeful inclusion or exclusion in a text to gain desired results. Hence, readers' sympathy, cooperation, acceptance or rejection, contempt, and criticism primarily depend on how a social actor (Henceforth SA) has been represented. The objective of this study is to reveal how, at the time of US withdrawal from Afghanistan in 2021, the New York Times and USA TODAY have represented the Afghan army, the Afghan government, the US army, the US government as In-group and the Taliban as Out-group in the news. The findings reveal that both newspapers reported the event discursively by building a positive image of the In-group and creating a negative image of the Out-group to influence the perception of the readers. Humanity Publications Professor, Department of English, Federal Government Liaquat Ali Degree College, Rawalpindi, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Department of Modern Languages, Al Zahra College for Women, Muscat, Oman. Assistant Professor, Department of Modern Languages, Al Zahra College for Women, Muscat, Oman. 2024-03-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gmcrjournal.com/article/representation-of-social-actors-in-us-egress-from-afghanistan-a-critical-discourse-analysis https://doi.org/10.31703/gmcr.2024(IX-I).02 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Mass Communication Review Volume 9, Issue 1 Pakistan

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Narrative Building by Baloch Separatist on X: A Thematic Analysis Mahwish Inam Muhammad Ashfaq Sajjad Ali Narrative Building X Bloch Separatists Thematic Analysis Framing Theory This research investigates the techniques applied to X by Baloch social media activists associated with separatist ideology. In this era of technology, 5th generation warfare is believed to create more ripples. This study analyses how particular issues are highlighted using tools of 5th-generation warfare for building desired narratives. Qualitative content analysis is adopted for this research. Content posted by X accounts of 10 activists affiliated with Baloch separatist ideology is selected for analysis. Contemporary data from 3 months is collected through an online tool (www.allmytweets.net). Codes/Themes are extracted from the data to understand the queries developed. This research discusses the issues that Baloch separatists select to present in media, the sentiments they attach to emotionalize them with intentions to gain audiences' attention and the media frames used by the activists to build a desired narrative. The research argues that the issues; are moulded around the violation of human rights and exploited to build anti Pakistan narrative. World powers and international organizations are urged to take action and help them for freedom from the forceful occupation. Humanity Publications Mphil Scholar, Department of Arts and Media, Foundation University, Rawalpindi, Pakistan. Senior Assistant Professor, Department of Media Studies, Bahria University, Karachi, Sindh, Pakistan. Department of Journalism & Mass Communication, University of Malakand, KP, Pakistan. 2024-03-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gmcrjournal.com/article/narrative-building-by-baloch-separatist-on-x-a-thematic-analysis https://doi.org/10.31703/gmcr.2024(IX-I).03 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Mass Communication Review Volume 9, Issue 1 Pakistan

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Female Models of TV Fashion Commercials Promote Modern Lifestyle to Young Female College Students of Lahore Ch. Aqeel Ashraf Saba Sultana Fashion TV Commercials modern lifestyles female college students models actors and actresses This study is about how TV commercials and their fashion elements affect, how women are shown. The current study looks at how people look up to their favourite TV commercial actress and how they want to be like her in terms of style and personality. Employing quantitative survey responses from 360 women who usually watch fashion commercials on TV. The data show that hairstyles, makeup, and the clothes models wear are very popular with female viewers. A study found that a lot of people who watch TV buy the clothes, accessories, and makeup that their favourite stars wear, and 92% of those people are women. A lot of people are also happy to have these things. A study on fashion and how models are shown in TV ads also found that viewers thought the way female models and actresses were portrayed on TV went against religious beliefs. Humanity Publications Assistant Professor, Department of Journalism, Government Graduate College Model Town for Boys Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. Lecturer, Department of Mass Communication & Media, University of Narowal, Punjab, Pakistan. 2024-03-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gmcrjournal.com/article/female-models-of-tv-fashion-commercials-promote-modern-lifestyle-to-young-female-college-students-of-lahore https://doi.org/10.31703/gmcr.2024(IX-I).05 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Mass Communication Review Volume 9, Issue 1 Pakistan

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The Impact of Private Television Crime Shows on Youth: Examining the Link Between Media Consumption and Aggressive Behaviour Bilal Ahmad Muhammad Irfan Ali Ali Ashraf Corpus Spoken Registers Written Registers Situational Context Voice The research paper investigates variation in the prevalence and distribution of ‘voice’ in the spoken (presentations/interviews) and written (essays/midterm exam scripts) academic registers of BS English students of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province and the relation of this variation to the situational circumstances of the concerned registers. The learner corpus was constructed. The data was collected from BS English students of the twelve public sector universities of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. All the texts were transcribed, coded, and then analysed through the computer software AntConc (3.5.8). The present study is unique in the sense that it has conducted a comparative analysis of the various spoken and written sub-registers of English in the academic non-native environment. This study has great implications for researchers in the field of register analysis, material design, and language teaching. Humanity Publications Lecturer, Department of Journalism, Govt Guru Nanak Graduate College Nankana Sahib, Punjab, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Department of Political Science and International Relations, University of Central Punjab, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. Assistant professor, Faculty of media and Mass communication, University of Central Punjab, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. 2024-03-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gmcrjournal.com/article/the-impact-of-private-television-crime-shows-on-youth-examining-the-link-between-media-consumption-and-aggressive-behaviour https://doi.org/10.31703/gmcr.2024(IX-I).04 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Mass Communication Review Volume 9, Issue 1 Pakistan

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Showcasing Women's Empowerment through Media Outlets of Pakistan Nasir Khan Faisal Aziz Muhammad Jawed Aslam Women's empowerment Cultural Diversity Social Change Media Outlets Media Campaign The role of media in promoting women's empowerment is crucial, especially in Pakistan where media is considered the fourth pillar of democracy. This research explores the transformative potential of media in advancing women's empowerment in Pakistan, acknowledging its role in amplifying women's voices and addressing societal norms. Despite the country's linguistic, religious, and cultural diversity, media emerges as a vital tool for disseminating information and catalyzing positive societal change. The study utilizes a qualitative method to assess female perspectives on the media's role in women's empowerment, highlighting the challenges and opportunities within the media landscape. Through analysis and discussion, the research examines the influence of media campaigns, representation, and portrayal on women's empowerment, addressing challenges such as stereotyping, limited representation, and biased coverage. This paper provides insights into the potential of media as a catalyst for women's empowerment in Pakistan through a synthesis of theoretical frameworks and empirical evidence. The data is being collected through the interviews. Humanity Publications PhD, Faculty of Media & Communication Studies, University of the Central Punjab, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. Lecturer, Department of Communication and Media Studies, University of Sargodha, Punjab, Pakistan. Associate Professor, School of Media and Communication Studies University of Management & Technology, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. 2024-03-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gmcrjournal.com/article/showcasing-womens-empowerment-through-media-outlets-of-pakistan https://doi.org/10.31703/gmcr.2024(IX-I).06 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Mass Communication Review Volume 9, Issue 1 Pakistan

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Daydreaming and Self-regulation among Fashion Designer Students: The Mediating Role of Creativity Muhammad Jawad Nasir Malik Zarghuna Naseem Nimra Hanif Adaptive Daydreaming Maladaptive Daydreaming Creativity Self- Regulation This research was done to explore the relationship between adaptive daydreaming, creativity, and self-regulation among fashion design students. The study also explored the mediating role of creativity between adaptive daydreaming and self-regulation. The sampling was purposive for the collection of data. A sample (N=200) was collected from students of fashion designing from different universities. The participants (men =95, women =105) average age was 20.83 years. The questionnaire included three assessment measures: (i) short imaginal process inventory for measuring daydreaming (Antrobus, 2010), (ii) Runco ideational behavior scale for creativity (Runco & Plucker, 2001) (iii) and short form of self-regulation questionnaire (Brown et al., 1999). Results of this study highlighted a significant positive relationship between adaptive daydreaming, creativity, and self-regulation among fashion designer students. However, a significant inverse relationship between maladaptive daydreaming and self- regulation was observed. Humanity Publications PhD Scholar, Superior University, Lahore Punjab, Pakistan. Assistant Professor & Chairperson, Department of Psychology, Lahore Garrison University, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. MS, Department of Psychology, Lahore Garrison University, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. 2024-03-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gmcrjournal.com/article/daydreaming-and-selfregulation-among-fashion-designer-students-the-mediating-role-of-creativity https://doi.org/10.31703/gmcr.2024(IX-I).07 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Mass Communication Review Volume 9, Issue 1 Pakistan

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Academic Barriers of Students with Hearing Impairment at the Undergraduate Level Faisal Amjad Almas Shoaib Abdul Qudoos Academic Barriers Communication Social Education Sign Language Interpreters Socialization Support Services Students with Hearing Impairment (SWHI) Higher Education Curriculum Adaptation. This study addresses the academic barriers of students with hearing impairment at a private institution. A competent generation depends on education; however, SWHI has particular hurdles in getting higher education. Communication, socialization, curriculum, instructions, learning, and support services are examined as significant factors in academic performance. The census-sampled research examines demographics including age, gender, and disability level in 41 SWHI. The researcher uses sign language interpreters to collect data. Quantitative investigations refine SWHI views on academic impediments. Detail frequency distributions and statistical tests like t-tests reveal demographic trends and variances. Communication, socialization, curriculum adaptability, and educational structural impediments were found. Library, internet, and assistive technology reduce academic challenges, according to the study. The research intends to influence policy-making to make SWHI higher education more accessible by illuminating these complexities. Humanity Publications MPhil Scholar, Department of Education, University of Management and Technology, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Department of Education, University of Management and Technology, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. P.hD. Scholar, Department of Special Education, University of Education, Township Campus, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. 2024-03-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gmcrjournal.com/article/academic-barriers-of-students-with-hearing-impairment-at-the-undergraduate-level https://doi.org/10.31703/gmcr.2024(IX-I).08 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Mass Communication Review Volume 9, Issue 1 Pakistan

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Analyzing the Coverage of Environment News in Major Newspapers of Sindh Pakistan Ghulam Shabir Arain Dastar Ali Chandio Yasir Ali Kalhoro Environmental Journalism Climate Reporting News Coverage Print Media. The environment is the existing all living and non-living things surrounding us. The environment exists in both living and non-living matters. The environment is made up of ecology, chemicals, biological material, and other natural atmospheres. When we discuss the environment, we are referring to the many connections that exist between the bio-network and non-living entities. These connections are referred to as communication. The media needs to report on environmental issues and the ways in which they affect people since these issues have an effect on human lives and the standards of living. When it comes to reporting on the environment, environmental journalism, also known as scientific journalism, serves a distinct purpose. Ineffective management, precarious financial situations, a rising illiteracy rate in Pakistan, and a growing population all contribute to the negative effects that population increase has on the environment. Humanity Publications MPhil, Department of Mass Communication, University of Sindh, Jamshoro, Sindh, Pakistan. Lecturer, Department of Media & Communication, Shaheed Benazir Bhutto University Shaheed Benazirabad, Sindh, Pakistan. MS, Department of Media, IQRA University Karachi, Sindh, Pakistan. 2024-03-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gmcrjournal.com/article/analyzing-the-coverage-of-environment-news-in-major-newspapers-of-sindh-pakistan https://doi.org/10.31703/gmcr.2024(IX-I).09 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Mass Communication Review Volume 9, Issue 1 Pakistan

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Usage of TikTok for Political Communication: A Systematic Literature Review Mukhtiar Ali Fozia Soomro Abdul Razzaque Chhachhar Political Communication; Election Campaigns; Social Media Platforms; TikTok; Political Parties Youth. The onset of the Internet era and the digitalization of the past 20 years have reshaped political communication. Social networking sites have become a tools of political parties, candidates for various highest authorities, voters, civil society institutions, and the media. TikTok has also recently entered the world of politics, media, and election campaigns.The use of this app has spread in political campaigning, be it interaction and communication, debate broadcasting, seeing the opponent's view, or analyzing the public mood.The shift in using TikTok in political communication and electoral campaigning in the world has become a subject of interest for researchers. This research, in its early stage, has not reached a full scope either. This article is a report of a systematic literature review that searched for studies that examined the participation of political parties in the election campaign on TikTok. Humanity Publications PhD Scholar, Department of Media and Communication Studies, University of Sindh, Jamshor, Sindh, Pakistan. PhD Scholar, Department of Media and Communication Studies, University of Sindh, Jamshoro, Sindh, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Department of Media and Communication Studies, University of Sindh, Jamshoro, Sindh, Pakistan. 2024-03-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gmcrjournal.com/article/usage-of-tiktok-for-political-communication-a-systematic-literature-review https://doi.org/10.31703/gmcr.2024(IX-I).10 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Mass Communication Review Volume 9, Issue 1 Pakistan

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Body Image Satisfaction and Eating Habits of the Students: A Case Study of the Facebook Users Asma Bakht Munir Shahzad Khalid Perception of Students Active Users Eating Habits Physical Fitness Goals Facebook This study is conducted to investigate Facebook usage and its relation to the perception of male and female university students about their body image satisfaction and goals. The major findings were to explore the differences, relationships, and predictability of Facebook usage, eating habits, exercising habits, and physical fitness goals of students. Using the uses and gratification theory, the researcher examined the student’s perception of ideal body image satisfaction level and eating behaviors. The findings of this study show that there is a significant relationship between Facebook usage and student’s perception of their body image satisfaction-related goals. A significant difference is noted in male and female students about their eating habits while using Facebook dietary pages. The study also reveals that Facebook usage can be predicted in a significant way through exercise habits and physical fitness goals. Humanity Publications LL.M. Scholar, Department of LawSuperior University Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. Lecturer, Institute of languages and linguistics, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. Director Legal / Senior Vice Principal, Department of Law, Superior University, Lahore. 2024-03-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gmcrjournal.com/article/body-image-satisfaction-and-eating-habits-of-the-students-a-case-study-of-the-facebook-users https://doi.org/10.31703/gmcr.2024(IX-I).11 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Mass Communication Review Volume 9, Issue 1 Pakistan

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Cartoons: Source of Construction or Destruction? Altaf Ghani Dur e Sadaf Shagufta Hamid Ali Cartoons Cognition Behavior Construction Destruction Gender Dream World The current study deals with the ramifications of cartoons on children's behavior, burgeoning, personality development, and learning processes. The focus was on the role of cartoons in the development of constructive or destructive cognition and behavioral changes. The study was conducted in Multan- a developing city in Pakistan- by using a mixed approach. Data has been analyzed in an explanatory style. A sample of 105 respondents including children from ages 5-16 years and their mothers were selected through purposive sampling. Data was collected by observation and structured interviews as well as probing and prompting techniques. Study reveals that boys were much affected by cartoons having violent and technological stuff while girls led in understanding themes. On one side they enhance Cognition, knowledge, thinking, and criticizing capability and social behavior; on the other, it affect their behavior, creativity, attention disorder, sensitivity, exhilaration preference, confidence, and choices of leisure time activity. Humanity Publications Assistant Professor, Institute of Social and Cultural Studies, Bahuddin Zakariya University, Multan, Punjab, Pakistan. Visiting Lecturer, Institute of Social and Cultural Studies, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Punjab, Pakistan. Lecturer, Department of Anthropology, Islamia University, Bahawalpur, Punjab, Pakistan. 2024-03-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gmcrjournal.com/article/cartoons-source-of-construction-or-destruction https://doi.org/10.31703/gmcr.2024(IX-I).12 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Mass Communication Review Volume 9, Issue 1 Pakistan

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Children's Content Exposure and Academic Performance: A Quantitative Study to Explore Parental Perceptions Muniba Fatima Zahra Ali Ashraf Muhammad Irfan Ali Content Exposure Academic Performance Parental Perceptions Mother's Education and Occupation Family Income and Setup This research delves into investigating the impact of children's TV content exposure on the academic performance of children through parental perceptions. It has also examined the moderating role that a mother's education and occupation, family setup, and income have in the association between school-age children's academic performance and content exposure. Parents' perceptions about the impact of content exposure on the academic performance of children were investigated through a survey (N = 520). Respondents were selected through a multistage sampling technique. The role of mothers' education, occupation, family income, and setup were studied as moderators between children's content exposure and academic performance. The findings showed a positive association between children's content exposure and their academic performance according to their parents. Furthermore, findings also showed that education, occupation of the mother, and family income are positive moderators in the relationship between children's content exposure and academic performance. Humanity Publications Assistant Professor, Department of Media and Communication Studies, Government College University, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Faculty of Media and Mass Communication, University of Central Punjab, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Department of Political Science and International Relations, University of Central Punjab, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. 2024-03-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gmcrjournal.com/article/childrens-content-exposure-and-academic-performance-a-quantitative-study-to-explore-parental-perceptions https://doi.org/10.31703/gmcr.2024(IX-I).13 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Mass Communication Review Volume 9, Issue 1 Pakistan

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Gaming Addiction: Investigation of Motivation to Play PUBG Game Ali Hassan Sadaf Irtaza Tayyaba Latif Players Unknown Battle Ground Gaming Addiction Motivation Level Religiosity American Psychiatric Association (APA) states that gaming addiction is an irresistible and compulsive drive by a person to be involved in a video game. We are going to find out what is the motive of a PUBG player to play for the game. This involves two hypotheses of the study. One is about whether religiosity level has any relationship with gaming addiction or not. The other is about motivation to play PUBG games. A survey technique was employed to collect the data. The Pearson correlation is -0.192. This value signifies a negative correlation between religion level and gaming addiction. A negative correlation suggests that as one variable (in this case, religion level) increases, the other variable (gaming addiction) tends to decrease, and vice versa. The magnitude of -0.192 indicates that the association is not extremely strong, but it is statistically significant. A strong association was observed between a high cultivation effect and a high motivation level. Humanity Publications Lecturer, Department of Media and Communication Studies, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Punjab, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Department of Media Studies, University of Balochistan, Quetta, Balochistan, Pakistan. Lecturer, Department of Media and Communication Studies, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Punjab, Pakistan. 2024-03-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gmcrjournal.com/article/gaming-addiction-investigation-of-motivation-to-play-pubg-game https://doi.org/10.31703/gmcr.2024(IX-I).14 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Mass Communication Review Volume 9, Issue 1 Pakistan

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Examining Framing Strategies in Health Vodcasts about Genetic Diseases and Pre-Marital Screening Faryal Sohail Hassan Raza Syed Health Vodcasts Health Frames Journalistic health practices Genetic Disorders Pre-Marital Screening This research delves into the evolving strategies for effectively communicating genetic information. Specifically, it explores health communication strategies as tools for enhancing health literacy. With the burgeoning role of digital media in disseminating public service messages, there is a growing emphasis on digital journalistic practices within health Vodcasts. However, despite the potential of health Vodcasts to promote preventive health behaviors against genetic disorders, their precise impact remains unclear. To address this gap, the study employs content analysis of health frames within digital health Vodcasts from popular media outlets in Pakistan. This research sheds light on journalistic practices related to genetic diseases, their preventive measures, and pre-marital screening. The findings reveal the prominence of the Health Severity frame, followed by the Consequence and Human-interest Frame, in Health Vodcasts. By advocating for more persuasive health campaigns on public health issues, this study contributes to advancing the field of health communication. Humanity Publications PhD Scholar, Institute of Media & Communication Studies, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Punjab, Pakistan. Associate Professor, Institute of Media and Communication Studies, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Punjab, Pakistan. 2024-03-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gmcrjournal.com/article/examining-framing-strategies-in-health-vodcasts-about-genetic-diseases-and-premarital-screening https://doi.org/10.31703/gmcr.2024(IX-I).15 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Mass Communication Review Volume 9, Issue 1 Pakistan

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Semiotic Analysis of Political Cartoons of Urdu Print Media in Pakistan During Election 2024 Badal Ram Marwari Abdullah Laghari Tania Laghari Decoding Political Cartoons Social Semiotic Theory Humour Criticism Among several modes of communication, the language of images and cartoons has also been frequently used by print media across the globe. It has drawn the attention of the masses also because of its sense of humor, satirical meaning, and interpretation. Thus, semiotic studies help viewers and readers decode the hidden meanings and agendas behind the images or cartoons. History shows that numerous attempts have been made to discover the main objective and essence. Therefore, the study explores and discovers the meaning hidden in the political cartoons in the Urdu print media of Pakistan before the general election in 2024 throughthe lens of social semiotic theory. The study focuses on van Leeuwen and Gunther Kress' Social Semiotic Theories. Around ten (10) political cartoons were selected and investigated by Daily Jung Newspaper which has vast circulation across the country. Humanity Publications Lecturer, Department of English, Peoples University of Medical and Health Sciences For Women (PUMHSW), Nawabshah, Sindh, Pakistan. Lecturer, Department of English, Quaid-e-Awam University of Engineering Science and Technology, Nawabshah, Sindh, Pakistan. Assistant professor, Department of English, Shaheed Benazir Bhutto University, Shaheed Benazirabad, Sindh, Pakistan. 2024-06-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gmcrjournal.com/article/semiotic-analysis-of-political-cartoons-of-urdu-print-media-in-pakistan-during-election-2024 https://doi.org/10.31703/gmcr.2024(IX-II).01 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Mass Communication Review Volume 9, Issue 2 Pakistan

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Media Influence on Youth Health Awareness amidst the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Comprehensive Study on the Role of Public Service Announcements and TV News Abdul Noor Bhatti Maliha Ameen Izza Nasrullah Media Influence Public Service Announcements Health Awareness COVID-19 Pandemic Youth Engagement Agenda Setting Theory Electronic Media This study investigates the role of Public Service Announcements (PSAs) and News on TV in creating COVID-19-related health awareness among Pakistani youth. Guided by the agenda-setting theory, the research explores how electronic media coverage adopted media, public, and policy agenda stages in disseminating health precautionary measures during the pandemic outbreak. An online survey was conducted using a questionnaire tool of 32 items with Cronbach's alpha value (α = 0.922). One sample t-test, correlation, and frequency distribution were applied to compare the mean values and to observe the relation between independent and dependent variables of the selected sample of youth (N=436), living in Lahore including both males and females under the age of 18 to 32 years old. Results have shown that government-led PSAs significantly improve youth awareness and knowledge about COVID-19, combating misinformation. Moreover, findings support youth reliance on PSAs and a positive response to vaccination against COVID-19. Humanity Publications MPhil Scholar, School of Creative Arts, the University of Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, School of Creative Arts, the University of Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. MPhil Scholar, Department of Biochemistry, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan. 2024-06-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gmcrjournal.com/article/media-influence-on-youth-health-awareness-amidst-the-covid19-pandemic-a-comprehensive-study-on-the-role-of-public-service-announcements-and-tv-news https://doi.org/10.31703/gmcr.2024(IX-II).02 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Mass Communication Review Volume 9, Issue 2 Pakistan

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The Influence of Instagram Usage on Self-Esteem and Well-Being of University Students Shazia Ismail Toor Fatima Malik Aemen Khalid Instagram Well-being Self-esteem Social Comparison The research explores the effects of the consumption of Instagram on the psychological states and self-esteem of university students, with special attention to the chosen object since it is the most widely used social platform among youths at this stage of their lives. It will discuss the impact of Instagram, especially when adopting upward social comparison. sampling technique employed by this study is quantitative with purposive sampling technique, and the study gets responses from 230 people. The survey adopted several scales: eligibility criteria: Participants had to be over 18 years of age, own an Instagram account, complete the Instagram Intensity Scale(based on Ellison), Rosenberg’s Self-Esteem Scale, measures of passive and active use of IG, and a Life Satisfaction Scale. The research evidence shows that both active and passive use of Instagram results in a negative shift in the self-esteem of users, meaning that the well-being of university students is impacted. Humanity Publications Assistant Professor, School of Communication Studies, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. MPhil Scholar, School of Media & Communication Studies, University of Management & Technology, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, School of Media & Communication Studies, University of Management & Technology, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. 2024-06-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gmcrjournal.com/article/the-influence-of-instagram-usage-on-selfesteem-and-wellbeing-of-university-students https://doi.org/10.31703/gmcr.2024(IX-II).03 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Mass Communication Review Volume 9, Issue 2 Pakistan

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Chabots as Entertaining Content for the Youth in Pakistan Nasim Ishaq Tanveer Hussain Anoosha Fatima Chatbot Entertainment Effects Media Consumption Pakistani Youth Culture Youth Behavior This study investigates the impact of chatbots as a form of entertainment on Pakistani youth. Chatbots have gained popularity for providing personalized and engaging experiences through conversational interfaces. However, limited research addresses their effects specifically as entertainment for young people in Pakistan. Utilizing a qualitative research approach, this study gathers in-depth insights from six purposively sampled Pakistani youth familiar with chatbots. Guided by social cognitive theories, entertainment education, and media influence frameworks, the research employs in-depth interviews and content analysis to explore participant’s perceptions and interactions with chatbots. The findings reveal the potential benefits and drawbacks of chatbots as entertainment, highlighting their influence on youth behavior, attitudes, and information acquisition. Additionally, the results offer guidance for developing responsible digital entertainment platforms that consider cultural nuances and developmental needs. This study provides valuable insights for policymakers, educators, and content creators to thoughtfully integrate chatbots into the entertainment industry for Pakistani youth. Humanity Publications Assistant Professor, Department of Communication and Media Research, School of Communication Studies, University of Punjab, Lahore Punjab, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Department of Communication and Media Research, School of Communication Studies, University of Punjab, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. Graduate, Department of Communication and Media Research, School of Communication Studies, University of Punjab, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. 2024-06-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gmcrjournal.com/article/chabots-as-entertaining-content-for-the-youth-in-pakistan- https://doi.org/10.31703/gmcr.2024(IX-II).04 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Mass Communication Review Volume 9, Issue 2 Pakistan

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Exploring the Spiral of Silence: Hardcore in Social Media Dynamics and the Moderating Influence of Fear of Isolation Alishbah Naz Mohsin Hassan Khan Abdul Basit Spiral of Silence Fear of Isolation Willingness to Speak Hardcore Perceived Social Support Self-Censorship Personal Opinion Strength The Spiral of Silence theory by Noelle Neumann (Neumann N. E., 1974) comes from an era of no social media. It discusses how people’s opinion is influenced by Fear of Isolation while forming a public opinion. The existing literature lacks the application of the Spiral of Silence to study social media dynamics. Most studies exist in traditional settings to study political cases and lack individuals' personal and social aspects. This study bridges this research gap by exploring the Spiral of Silence theory on social media and also revisits the concept of “The Hardcores” coined by Neumann. To explore new dimensions, new variables are adapted from the literature and the theory to determine the relation of Personal Opinion Strength and Willingness to Speak under the Moderation of Fear of Isolation. This research elucidates the dynamics of the expression of public opinion in this digital era and indicates further alternate dimensions. Humanity Publications Independent Researcher, Pakistan. Senior Assistant Professor, Department of Media Studies, Bahria University, Islamabad, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, School of Media and Communication Studies, University of Management and Technology Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. 2024-06-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gmcrjournal.com/article/exploring-the-spiral-of-silence-hardcore-in-social-media-dynamics-and-the-moderating-influence-of-fear-of-isolation https://doi.org/10.31703/gmcr.2024(IX-II).05 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Mass Communication Review Volume 9, Issue 2 Pakistan

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Social Media Hegemony: A Critical Analysis of Ellie â€œThe Monkey Boyâ€ Sawera Khalid Muhammad Akbar Khan Saman Suleman Butt Instagram Well-being Self-esteem Social Comparison This paper discusses how social media dramatically impacted the story of Rwanda's "Ellie, the Monkey Boy." Afrimax documented Ellie's life in a documentary on his tour, showcasing her unique physical behavior and unusual illness. This study illustrates how social media alters people's perspectives and how exposure to certain phenomena in the media and societal movements piques Ellie's interest in helping him become well-known. Theoretical frameworks that function as a guidebook for research problems, such as the Discourse Historical Approach, framing theory, critical discourse analysis, and social identity theory, offer foundations for the study. This study provides insight into how social media spreads news, creates communities, and modifies social behavior. This research focuses on a critical analysis of social media in contemporary society via the lens of activism in Rwanda and Monkey Boy's identity building. Humanity Publications MPhil Scholar, The University of Chenab, Gujrat, Pakistan. Professor, Department of Languages, The University of Chenab, Gujrat, Pakistan. MPhil Scholar, The University of Chenab, Gujrat, Pakistan. 2024-06-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gmcrjournal.com/article/social-media-hegemony-a-critical-analysis-of-ellie-the-monkey-boy https://doi.org/10.31703/gmcr.2024(IX-II).06 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Mass Communication Review Volume 9, Issue 2 Pakistan

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Analysis of Lexical Density and Readability of Pakistani English Newspaper Dawn Samia Hameed Imran Ali Khalid Lexical Density Readability Newspaper Lexical Items Grammatical Items Flesch Reading Ease Scale This research study aimed to analyze the lexical density and readability of Pakistani English Newspaper and so, to suggest their suitability for the level of students. Eight newspapers from four genres were selected as sample. The theory of Systemic Functional Linguistics based on the theory of lexical density by Ure (1971) was applied for finding lexical density and readability indices by using content analysis design through an online text analyzer software. Readability values were compared with the FleschmReading Ease Scale. The results of this study showed that lexical density values of all genres were greater than 40% according to the Flesch Reading Ease Scale. All the texts were lexically dense having a greater number of contents carrying lexical items as compared to grammatical items. The findings of study could also be applied to academic textbooks in order to check complexity and suitability according to the level of the students. Humanity Publications M.Phil. Scholar, Department of English, Hazara University, Mansehra, KP, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Department. of Linguistics and Literature, University of Haripur, KP, Pakistan Lecture, Department of English, University of Buner, KP, Pakistan. 2024-06-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gmcrjournal.com/article/analysis-of-lexical-density-and-readability-of-pakistani-english-newspaper-dawn https://doi.org/10.31703/gmcr.2024(IX-II).07 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Mass Communication Review Volume 9, Issue 2 Pakistan

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Television Journalism in Pakistan. Historical Evolution, Challenges, and Prospects Farhan Latif Muhammad Yousaf Zahid Yousaf Television Journalism History Challenges Prospects Media Industry PTV This essay explores the evolution, challenges, and prospects of television journalism in Pakistan, tracing its origins from the first television witnessed in 1955 to the dynamic and competitive landscape of today. The historical context highlights the establishment of the Pakistan Television Corporation (PTV) in 1964 and the significant shift brought about by the liberalization of the media sector in 2002. This liberalization ended the state monopoly and led to the emergence of numerous private channels, which introduced innovative and diverse programing. The study examines the distribution and accessibility of television content, noting the dominance of terrestrial broadcasting by national channels such as PTV Home, PTV News, and ATV. Further, the paper analyzes the role of private channels in shaping public discourse vis-à-vis public opinion formation. It discusses the challenges posed by sensationalism and the prioritization of commercial interests over journalistic integrity and suggests prospects in the current media-saturated society. Humanity Publications Ph.D. Scholar, Centre for Media and Communication Studies, University of Gujrat, Punjab, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Centre for Media and Communication Studies, University of Gujrat, Punjab, Pakistan. Professor & Dean, Centre for Media and Communication Studies, University of Gujrat, Punjab, Pakistan. 2024-06-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gmcrjournal.com/article/television-journalism-in-pakistan-historical-evolution-challenges-and-prospects https://doi.org/10.31703/gmcr.2024(IX-II).08 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Mass Communication Review Volume 9, Issue 2 Pakistan

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Examining the Influence of Social Media on Educational Achievement among Students with Hearing Impairments Syeda Seerat Hassan Saima Rani Maidaa Saboor Elahi Social Media Academic Achievement Hearing Impairment The study sought to investigate the influence of social media on academic achievement among students with hearing impairments. A quantitative and descriptive technique was used to collect data from 55 deaf or hard-of-hearing undergraduate students at the University of Management and Technology. The research used a realistic sample strategy and a five-point Likert scale questionnaire with 20 items that were validated by experts. Cronbach's alpha was 0.89, which validated the dependability. SPSS 22 was used to conduct data analysis, which included descriptive and inferential statistics. The data suggested that social media had a considerable impact on pupils' academic achievement. According to the report, administrators, teachers, and parents should monitor social media usage and encourage its use for educational purposes. Social media may be used to promote educational goals, develop platforms, and build new sites to prevent academic failure in children. Humanity Publications MPhil Scholar Hearing Impairment, Department of Special Needs Education, University of Management & Technology (UMT), Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. MPhil Scholar Hearing Impairment, Department of Special Needs Education, University of Management & Technology (UMT), Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. MPhil (Special Education) & Research Associate, Inclusive Education Development Centre (IDC), Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. 2024-06-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gmcrjournal.com/article/examining-the-influence-of-social-media-on-educational-achievement-among-students-with-hearing-impairments https://doi.org/10.31703/gmcr.2024(IX-II).09 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Mass Communication Review Volume 9, Issue 2 Pakistan

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News Framing of Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan on Tolo News Web TV and Afghanistan International Web TV Abdul Rahman Alkozai Rooh Ul Amin Khan Bin Yamin Khan Islamic Emirate Framing AITV TOLO News Content Analysis Thematic Late 2021 saw a significant change in global politics when the Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan (Taliban) came into existence after the fall of the Islamic Republic of Afghanistan. Countries across the globe did not recognize this new government because they had not yet considered the demands of the international community regarding girls' education, Inclusive government, women's work, and freedom of speech. This study aims to understand how Afghanistan International Television and TOLO News framed the Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan in their web-based news from April to July 2022. The findings reveal key contrasts in news outlining and obtaining. TOLO News emphasized responsibility and frequently quoted IEA officials, AITV primarily utilized a conflict frame and focused on the economic implications. The discoveries demonstrate that TOLO News kept a nonpartisan position, while AITV showed a dominatingly negative inclination against the IEA. Humanity Publications MS Scholar, Department of Media & Communication Studies, International Islamic University, Islamabad, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Department of Media & Communication Studies, International Islamic University, Islamabad, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Department of Communication & Media Studies, Hazara University, Mansehra, KP, Pakistan. 2024-06-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gmcrjournal.com/article/news-framing-of-islamic-emirate-of-afghanistan-on-tolo-news-web-tv-and-afghanistan-international-web-tv https://doi.org/10.31703/gmcr.2024(IX-II).10 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Mass Communication Review Volume 9, Issue 2 Pakistan

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Impact of BTS Music on the Psychological Health of Youth Muhammad Ahsan Bhatti Momna Ahmed Aun Muhammad Mehdi Khan BTS Youngsters Psychological Health BTS Lyrics Cognitive Process BTS ARMY BTS is a Korean pop music band. BTS represents Bulletproof Boy Scouts. The study focuses on exploring the influence of BTS on the psychological wellness of the youth. The aim of the research is to inquire how exposure to BTS music affects the mental well-being of youngsters. The sample was collected by Purposive sampling through the population of the students of Bahuddin Zakariya University and Private Schools of Multan. Qualitative Interviews were conducted with 10 students. The Results indicated that BTS music has lyrics that discuss issues like social isolation, low self-esteem, and unjustified stereotypes. The findings reflect that BTS music has a positive influence on the cognitive process of the youth. It encouraged them to live a life with an optimistic approach. It gives them relief from depression, isolation, and anxiety. It makes them realize their self-worth and how to love their own being. Humanity Publications Assistant Professor, Institute of Media and Communication Studies, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Punjab, Pakistan. MPhil Scholar, Institute of Media and Communication Studies, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Punjab, Pakistan. MPhil Scholar, Institute of Media and Communication Studies, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Punjab, Pakistan. 2024-06-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gmcrjournal.com/article/impact-of-bts-music-on-the-psychological-health-of-youth https://doi.org/10.31703/gmcr.2024(IX-II).11 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Mass Communication Review Volume 9, Issue 2 Pakistan

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Global Impact of New Media in Public Relations: A Review Ali Bhadur Yumna Anis Warda Maryam Public Relations New Media Internet The present study examines new media platforms and public relations from different journals related to Public Relations and articles from Google Scholar. The initial sample consisted of 23 articles, of which 15 met the criteria and were analyzed. The study's findings show that the current research is in the exploratory phase with both quantitative and qualitative studies which explores the dominance of the use of technology by practitioners. The study suggests that public relations practitioners use technology to sustain a positive relationship with their audience. Furthermore, this review paper compiles major findings from previous research to improve overall awareness of current and future problems that new media particularly social media pose to public relations. It's not clear if present theoretical frameworks can effectively incorporate the new media, and data proposes that many public relations professionals are grappling with the influence of new media, specifically, the Internet at their workplaces. Humanity Publications Lecturer, Department of Media & Communication Studies, Government College University, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. Digital Content Creator, Graduate of Media & Communication Studies Department, National University of Modern Language Islamabad, Pakistan. Lecturer, Department of Media & Communication Studies, Government College University Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. 2024-09-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gmcrjournal.com/article/global-impact-of-new-media-in-public-relations-a-review https://doi.org/10.31703/gmcr.2024(IX-III).01 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Mass Communication Review Volume 9, Issue 3 Pakistan

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Impact of Social Media Use, Social Comparison & Self-Esteem Among Adolescents Farwa Mustafa Shagufta Bibi Moomal Majeed Social Media use Social Comparison Self-esteem Adolescents The present research examined how social media, social comparison, and self-esteem affect adolescents. After an extensive literature review, these hypotheses were developed. 1) Social media use, social comparison, and self-esteem among teenagers will be significantly related. 2) Social media use will affect self-esteem among adolescents.3) Adolescent self-esteem will be affected by social comparison.4) Gender will affect adolescent social media use, comparison, and self-esteem of the 249 samples, 153 are female and 96 are male. Survey participants were 14–25 years old. Data were purposively sampled from Faisalabad educational institutions. The findings were assessed using these methods. Participant demographics were collected using a sheet. Adolescent self-esteem was measured with a scale. The Social Comparison scale measured self-comparative behavior. Participants' social media use was measured using a scale. Analyze the data using correlation, regression, and independent sample tests. Findings illuminate individual traits and tendencies. Humanity Publications MPhil Scholar, Department of Psychology, Riphah International University, Faisalabad Campus., Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan. Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Department of Psychology, Riphah International University, Faisalabad Campus, Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan. Pakistan. Lecturer, Department of Psychology, National University of Modern Languages, Faisalabad Campus, Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan. 2024-09-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gmcrjournal.com/article/impact-of-social-media-use-social-comparison-selfesteem-among-adolescents https://doi.org/10.31703/gmcr.2024(IX-III).02 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Mass Communication Review Volume 9, Issue 3 Pakistan

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Thriving in the Digital Age: How Self-Efficacy Can Buffer the Effects of Social Media Use on Teachers Professional Well-Being Hira Atiq Khalid Saleem Hafiz Muhammad Arshad Teachers’ self-efficacy Social media use Professional well-being University teachers This research examined the association between social media usage and teachers’ professional well-being. The study also foresees that teachers’ self-efficacy mediates the positive relationship between using social media and teachers’ professional well-being. This is a descriptive study and a survey approach was used to collect data through the administration of questionnaires to the conveniently selected sample of 171 University teachers working in Pakistan. The researchers used the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS-26) to analyze the data. The analysis revealed that social media use is positively associated with teachers’ professional well-being, directly and indirectly, via teacher’s self-efficacy. The findings of the study add to the existing literature by emphasizing the role of social media usage and teachers’ self-efficacy in modeling teachers’ professional well-being. Humanity Publications PhD Scholar, Department of Education, University of Okara, Pakistan. Associate Professor, Department of Education, University of Okara, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Department of Education, University of Okara, Pakistan. 2024-09-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gmcrjournal.com/article/thriving-in-the-digital-age-how-selfefficacy-can-buffer-the-effects-of-social-media-use-on-teachers-professional-wellbeing https://doi.org/10.31703/gmcr.2024(IX-III).03 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Mass Communication Review Volume 9, Issue 3 Pakistan

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Role of Music and Lyrics of Songs as Flashback Trigger Umia Gull Ashraf Iqbal Fakhta Zeib Music Lyrics Nostalgia Songs Flashback Trigger Music is combination of lyrics, instrumental and vocalist’s sound. Every musical content has its own value according to its impact. Lyrics regarding to meaning are expressive differentiate from the libretto whether a song squeezes out the emotion of misery, regret, contentment, or something additional. The ability of music to evoke strong emotions in a listener has fascinated many music students and sparked discussion among musicologists. A qualitative research was carried out from a targeted group of music listeners getting their experience in form of ended answers after listening old musical list in controlled environment. Researchers discovered that listening to music from a particular era transported listeners back in time, inducing feelings of nostalgia. Researchers in this research explored nostalgic provocative music therapy as well as positive use of musical content in treating depression patients. A particular music can facilitate listener to get out of stress and perform actively. Humanity Publications Research Scholar, Department of Mass Communication, Government College University Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Department of Mass Communication, Government College University, Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan. Assistant Professor (OPS), Department of Mass Communication, Government College University Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan. 2024-09-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gmcrjournal.com/article/role-of-music-and-lyrics-of-songs-as-flashback-trigger https://doi.org/10.31703/gmcr.2024(IX-III).04 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Mass Communication Review Volume 9, Issue 3 Pakistan

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A History of Local English-Language Newspapers in KP Province, Pakistan Muhammad Shahid English Press KP NWFP British Rule Pakistan This research study explores the history of local English-language newspapers of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. The English-language press has played a significant role since the British rule in the province. It has acted as a representative of the region on an international level because the English language is an international means of communication. The researcher collected data through secondary data such as books and archives and also interviewed senior journalists of the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province for data collection. The study discusses how English-language newspapers started in the province since the inception of the province, which used to be called North-West Frontier Province (NWFP). Humanity Publications Assistant Professor, Riphah Institute of Media Sciences (RIMS), Riphah International University, Islamabad, Pakistan. 2024-09-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gmcrjournal.com/article/a-history-of-local-englishlanguage-newspapers-in-kp-province-pakistan https://doi.org/10.31703/gmcr.2024(IX-III).05 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Mass Communication Review Volume 9, Issue 3 Pakistan

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Critical Analysis of the Ethical Challenges related to Data Privacy and Social Media Analytics: A Literature Review Khayam Hassan Ayesha Siddiqua Waqas Bin Ayaz Critical Analysis Ethical Challenges Data Privacy Social Media Analytics Literature Review The aim of this study is to find out the ethical challenges to social media data privacy because social media plays an information and dissemination role in our society while on the other side, it is also facing data privacy problems. The study analyzed 38 articles related to Facebook and Twitter to explore the viewpoint of the scholars regarding ethical challenges to data privacy linked to social media. The study revealed that social media users are facing data privacy problems and ethical challenges. Both have their own status and requirements regulations, rights, and laws to protect each other from any mishap in society. It is recommended that social media users read and learn all the rules & regulations and conditions whenever logging into a particular Social Network Site, the SNS providers need to clearly define their rules & regulations, and conditions to use to overcome ethical challenges. Humanity Publications PhD Scholar, Department of Media and Communication Studies, National University of Modern Languages, Islamabad, Pakistan. Associate Professor, Department of Media and Communication Studies, National University of Modern Languages, Islamabad, Pakistan. PhD Scholar, Department of Media and Communication Studies, National University of Modern Languages, Islamabad, Pakistan. 2024-09-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gmcrjournal.com/article/critical-analysis-of-the-ethical-challenges-related-to-data-privacy-and-social-media-analytics-a-literature-review https://doi.org/10.31703/gmcr.2024(IX-III).06 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Mass Communication Review Volume 9, Issue 3 Pakistan

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Revisiting Public Perception towards Police Behavior: Role of Media in Maintaining Law and Order in Pakistan Samza Fatima Syed Kaleem Imam Asfa Ashraf Law and Order Police Behavior Public Perception Media Survey Systematic Sampling The core objective of the current study was to dig out the public perception of police behavior from students of Bahauddin Zakariya University Multan-Pakistan. A cross-sectional survey was conducted from n=385 university students through a systematic sampling technique. Data were collected by adapting Mastrofski's model (1999) based on six dimensions i.e. attentiveness, reliability, fairness, manner, responsiveness, and competence. Findings showed that overwhelming respondents had negative perceptions towards police behavior due to their biases. Moreover, a large majority was of the view that though the role of the police department is pivotal and undeniable in maintaining the law and order situation in the country however Pakistani media is not playing its due role in this regard and this could be a pertinent contributing factor in creating such a negative public perception. This study concluded public perception of police behavior is complex, with significant implications for law enforcement. Humanity Publications Associate Professor & Principal, Department of Law, University Gillani Law College Bahauddin Zakariya University Multan, Punjab, Pakistan. Former IG Police & Secretary, Narcotics Control, Pakistan. Visiting Lecturer, Department of Sociology, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Punjab, Pakistan. 2024-09-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gmcrjournal.com/article/revisiting-public-perception-towards-police-behavior-role-of-media-in-maintaining-law-and-order-in-pakistan https://doi.org/10.31703/gmcr.2024(IX-III).07 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Mass Communication Review Volume 9, Issue 3 Pakistan

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Impact of FM Radio on Political Awareness and Engagement among University Students: A Socio-Political Study Usama Bin Saleem Ilsa Islam Syeda Sumblah Bukhari FM Radio University Students Socio-Political Politics Society Political Education Radio Broadcasting This research examines the role of FM radio in shaping the awareness and engagement about politics among university students in Lahore, by focusing on the influence of socio-political aspects. The study purposes to recognize the history of FM radio and its effectiveness to address the socio-political issues. The sample size of 600 students between the ages of 18 and 32 from three private universities of Lahore (University of South Asia, University of Management and Technology, Superior University). The statistics were attained by the technique of purposive sampling; the research finds that FM radio upholds a noteworthy occurrence in spite of the rise of new media. The majority of people listen to FM radio for entertainment, information, education, and development. The findings show that FM radio is an effective medium for raising socio-political awareness and encouraging political connection among youngsters. Humanity Publications Lecturer, Department of Media Studies, University of South Asia, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. Lecturer, Department of Media Studies, University of South Asia, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. Lecturer, Department of Media Studies, University of South Asia, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. 2024-09-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gmcrjournal.com/article/impact-of-fm-radio-on-political-awareness-and-engagement-among-university-students-a-sociopolitical-study https://doi.org/10.31703/gmcr.2024(IX-III).08 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Mass Communication Review Volume 9, Issue 3 Pakistan

oai:gmcrjournal.com:395418 2024-09-30 gmcr

Effects of Social Media Usage on Gratification Obtained: A Study Based among University of Sindh, Jamashoro Students Dastar Ali Chandio Abdul Razzaque Chhachhar Muhammad Ramzan Social Media Gratification Obtained University Students This study aims to assess the influence of social media use by undergraduate students at University of Sindh. The examination explores the relationships between students’ gratifications and usage of social media, as well as possible consequences that these have on their psychological health, academic achievement, and social interactions. Data for this research was collected using mixed methods approach from a sample population consisting of undergraduate students from different faculties. Questionnaires, interviews and focus groups constituted the research methods. Social media platforms are mainly utilized by students for self-expression purposes, entertainment purposes, connecting with others socially and looking up information among others. A total of 386 students of university of Sindh, Jamshoro participated in survey in order to analyses the data. In addition to this study expanding our understanding about how social media use is impacting college student’s lives; it also helps us understand how it affects general well-being among them. Humanity Publications PhD Scholar, Department of Media & Communication Studies, University of Sindh Jamshoro, Sindh, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Department of Media & Communication Studies, University of Sindh Jamshoro, Sindh, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Department of Media & Communication Studies, University of Sindh Jamshoro, Sindh, Pakistan. 2024-09-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gmcrjournal.com/article/effects-of-social-media-usage-on-gratification-obtained-a-study-based-among-university-of-sindh-jamashoro-students https://doi.org/10.31703/gmcr.2024(IX-III).09 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Mass Communication Review Volume 9, Issue 3 Pakistan

oai:gmcrjournal.com:395437 2024-09-30 gmcr

The Role of Social Media in Enhancing Religious Tolerance and Interfaith Harmony in Pakistan Muhammad Basharat Hameed Malik Adnan Social Media Religious Tolerance Interfaith Harmony Structural Equation Modeling Education This study examines how social media promotes religious tolerance. Religious tolerance and interfaith harmony in Pakistani social media were examined. Education and social media affect religious tolerance, according to research. In a quantitative study, 417 religiously diverse respondents completed a structured questionnaire. We used descriptive statistics, SEM, and moderation analysis to study social media use, religious tolerance, and interfaith harmony. SEM analysis showed a strong positive correlation between social media use and religious tolerance and interfaith harmony. Tolerance fosters interfaith harmony. Education moderated religious tolerance and social media use. With high education, respondents had the strongest relationship, while low education had a weaker but not statistically significant relationship. Social media promotes religious tolerance and interfaith harmony, especially among educated people, this study found. Education and digital literacy boost social media's interfaith benefits. This study encourages constructive social media communication between diverse religious communities to promote social harmony.‎ Humanity Publications Ph.D fellow, Department of Media and Communication Studies, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Punjab, Pakistan. Associate Professor, Department of Media and Communication Studies, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Punjab, Pakistan. 2024-09-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gmcrjournal.com/article/the-role-of-social-media-in-enhancing-religious-tolerance-and-interfaith-harmony-in-pakistan https://doi.org/10.31703/gmcr.2024(IX-III).10 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Mass Communication Review Volume 9, Issue 3 Pakistan

oai:gmcrjournal.com:395441 2024-09-30 gmcr

Populist and Crisis Communication during Political Crisis: Thematic Content Analysis of Pakistani Politicians’ Speeches Jibran Zeb Crisis Communication Pakistan Political Communication. Populist Communication Thematic Content Analysis Steering away from the Global North, this research focuses on Pakistan's dynamic and crisis-ridden political landscape. It specifically examines the intricate realm of populist and crisis communication strategies used by key political figures during the critical no-confidence vote of 2022. Through thematic content analysis of the speeches of prominent politicians—Imran Khan, Maryam Nawaz, and Shahbaz Sharif—it explores differences in both populist and crisis communication to identify unique communication styles and common elements in these speeches. This research goes beyond the Western geographic focus to reveal the intricate interactions between populist and crisis communication in a region facing significant historical and contemporary challenges. It adds valuable knowledge to the field of political communication by analyzing the subtle tactics used by politicians during crises, setting a base for further studies on how these strategies influence public opinion and political stability. Humanity Publications Lecturer, Riphah Institute of Media Studies, Riphah International University, Islamabad, Pakistan. 2024-09-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gmcrjournal.com/article/populist-and-crisis-communication-during-political-crisis-thematic-content-analysis-of-pakistani-politicians-speeches https://doi.org/10.31703/gmcr.2024(IX-III).11 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Mass Communication Review Volume 9, Issue 3 Pakistan

oai:gmcrjournal.com:395511 2024-09-30 gmcr

The Role of Media in Pakistan’s Political Landscape: A Critical Analysis Muneeba Shahid Ammad Ashraf Nida Nisar Media Politics Democracy Governance Political Awareness Martial Law Regimes This article looks at media's role in the political landscape of Pakistan, and how it has shaped political narratives and governed. It examines the contribution of the media to the strengthening of democracy, with a focus on the electoral processes as well as public accountability, and, equally, the role of the media under martial law regimes where freedom of expression was severely curtailed. The study uses a qualitative and descriptive methodology that reflects historic and current contexts and considers the media as a watchdog, as well as a means to politically manipulate. The focus of this analysis includes both the changing status of the media in Pakistan's multi-faceted political landscape and the impact of democratic development. Humanity Publications PhD Scholar, Department of Politics and IR, International Islamic University Islamabad, Pakistan. Lecturer, Department of Pakistan Studies, National University of Modern Languages, Mirpur, AJ&K. Pakistan. Lecturer, Department of Sociology, Mirpur University of Science and Technology, AJ&K, Pakistan. 2024-09-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gmcrjournal.com/article/the-role-of-media-in-pakistans-political-landscape-a-critical-analysis https://doi.org/10.31703/gmcr.2024(IX-III).12 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Mass Communication Review Volume 9, Issue 3 Pakistan

oai:gmcrjournal.com:395622 2024-09-30 gmcr

The Effects of Digital Media on Mental Health and Psychological Wellbeing of Youth of Pakistan Muhammad Bilal Digital Media Youth Attention Span Mental Health Smartphones Social Behavior Longitudinal Research There is growing concern about its detrimental effects, especially on behavior, attention, psychological well-being, and mental health. The positive facets of flourishing and well-being are the main emphasis of this research work. Recent findings on brain activity and neurochemical pathways are discussed, along with an analysis of the mental health of psychological well-being. This study uses the longitudinal methodology to examine both objective and subjective data in order to investigate the effects of digital media mental health and psychological well-being on the youth of Pakistan. It focuses on children who are new to using cellphones and gaming consoles and looks into how this change impacts their social and cognitive behaviors, academic performance, attention spans, and general well-being. The findings give new perspectives on how to balance the benefits and drawbacks of digital media while making useful recommendations for legislators, parents, and educators. Humanity Publications Assistant Registrar, National Defense University (NDU), Islamabad, Pakistan. 2024-09-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gmcrjournal.com/article/the-effects-of-digital-media-on-mental-health-and-psychological-wellbeing-of-youth-of-pakistan https://doi.org/10.31703/gmcr.2024(IX-III).13 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Mass Communication Review Volume 9, Issue 3 Pakistan